Printable ModeMarcu 3:14
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3:14 A randuit dintre ei doisprezece, ca sa-i aiba cu Sine, si sa-i trimita sa propovaduiasca. A randuit. [,,A hirotonit”,KJV]. Gr. poieo, ,,a face”, adica ,,a randui”. Desi este adevarat ca Isus a ,,hirotonit” faptic pe cei doisprezece cu ocazia aceasta (vezi DA 296), intelesul acesta nu este implicit in cuvantul poieo. Doisprezece. Dovezi textuale importante pot fi citate (cf. p. 146) pentru adaugarea din Luca 6,13 ,, pe care i-a numit apostoli”. Nu este dat un motiv specific pentru a explica de ce au fost alesi doisprezece – nici mai multi nici mai putini. Cineva se gandeste imediat la cei doisprezece fii ai lui Iacov, fondatorii celor douasprezece semintii ale lui Israel. Cinci din barbatii invitati acum fusesera ucenicii lui Isus chiar de la inceputul lucrarii Lui cu vreo doi ani mai inainte; acestia erau Ioan, Andrei, Petru, Filip si Natanael sau Bartolomeu (vezi Ioan 1,40-49). Primii trei din acest grup, impreuna cu fratele lui Ioan, Iacov, acceptasera chemarea la mare cu cateva luni mai inainte de data aceasta (vezi la Luca 5,11). Mai de curand, Matei fusese adaugat la grup. Numirea si hirotonirea celor doisprezece a fost un eveniment de insemnatate majora in misiunea lui Isus. Ioan Botezatorul proclamase asezarea iminenta a ,,imparatiei cerurilor” (Matei 3,2) si Isus repetase solia aceasta in timpul primei parti a lucrarii Sale (vezi Matei 4,17), indeosebi in decursul primei calatorii galileene, de curand incheiata (MB 2,3). Imparatia pe care Hristos venise sa o intemeieze la prima Lui venire era imparatia harului divin (vezi la Matei 3,2; 5,2), al carei Imparat era El. Supusii Sai erau aceia care Il primeau si credeau in numele Lui (vezi Ioan 1,12). Inimile lor erau domeniul Lui (vezi la Luca 17,21). Numirea celor doisprezece poate fi privita pe buna dreptate ca inaugurarea formala a imparatiei harului pe care Hristos venise sa o infiinteze. Predica de pe munte care a urmat imediat poate fi privita atat ca momentul inaugural al lui Hristos ca Imparat al imparatiei harului, cat si ca o constitutie a noii imparatii. La scurt timp dupa tinerea acestei predici Hristos, impreuna cu cei doisprezece, a plecat in a doua calatorie galileana, in care, prin invatatura si exemplu a demonstrat natura imparatiei si valoarea ei pentru om. Sunt date patru liste ale celor doisprezece, cate una de Matei (cap. 10,2-4) si Marcu si doua de Luca, una in Evanghelie (cap. 6,14-14) si una in Fapte (1,13). Acesta sunt date alaturat CEI DOISPREZECE APOSTOLI Metoda cea mai naturala de a-i grupa pe cei doisprezece este de a-i imparti in grupe de cate doi. Cand Isus i-a trimis in a treia calatorie galileana, i-a trimis doi cate doi (vezi Marcu 6,7), frate cu frate, prieten cu prieten (DA 350). Lista lui Matei este probabil intemeiata pe gruparea aceasta, deoarece dupa numirea celor doua perechi de frati, Petru si Andrei, si Iacov si Ioan, el inscrie restul celor doisprezece in grupe de cate doi, fiecare din cei doi fiind legati prin cuvantul ,,si”, in felul acesta Filip este legat cu Bartolomeu (vezi Ioan 1,45), Toma cu Matei, Iacov (fiul lui Alfeu) cu Tadeu si Simon (Cananitul) cu Iuda Iscarioteanul. In plus lista lui Matei este data in legatura cu trimiterea celor doisprezece. O alta grupare naturala apare cand fiecare din cele patru liste este impartita in trei grupe de cate patru fiecare. Desi ordinea celor doisprezece variaza usor de la lista la lista, totusi cei patru membri ai fiecarei grupe de felul acesta sunt constanti in cele patru liste (cu exceptia grupei a patru din Fapte 1,13, unde Iuda Iscarioteanul lipseste). Din punct de vedere omenesc cei doisprezece barbati numiti si hirotoniti cu ocazia aceasta erau saraci si necultivati, o grupa de galileeni provinciali simpli. Dispretul cu care conducatorii iudei priveau la urmasii lui Isus in general, L-a determinat, probabil cateva saptamani dupa aceasta, sa spuna parabola cu aluatul (vezi Matei 13,33; COL 95). Aluatul harului transformator al lui Dumnezeu isi incepuse deja lucrarea in inima celor doisprezece oameni nepromitatori, obisnuiti si cand acestia au iesit din perioada uceniciei lor nu mai erau neciopliti, necultivati sau neinvatati (vezi Luca 5,11). Trei din ei au devenit scriitori capabili. Ioan era un cercetator profund. Pe cat se stie, nici unul dintre cei doisprezece nu absolvise vreo scoala rabinica, si pe cat se pare nici unul nu era membru al aristocratiei iudaice. Dar ca rezultat ei au fost lipsiti de prejudecatile inveterate care aproape intotdeauna ii faceau pe carturari si pe Farisei sa nu vada cerintele lui Isus. Sa-i aiba cu Sine. [,,Sa fie cu El”, KJV]. Adica, sa fie ucenicii Sai sau invatacei in scoala Lui si sa-L ajute in lucrarea Lui. Reiese din v. 13 ca erau alti ,,ucenici” pe care, cel putin cu ocazia aceasta, nu i-a numit si nu i-a hirotonit ca ,,apostoli” (vezi la vers 13). Ca ,,ucenici” oamenii veneau la Hristos ca sa invete de la El; El i-a trimis ca ,,apostoli” sa invete pe altii. Cuvantul ,,apostol” este derivat din gr. apostolos, care vine de la doua cuvinte apo ,,de la” si stello ,,a trimite”. Un ,,apostol” este deci, literal, ,,un trimis” (vezi la Matei 10,2). De semnarea ,,apostoli” i-a distins de aici inainte pe cei doisprezece ,,ucenici” in general, nu ca cei doisprezece au incetat de a fi ucenici, dar ei au devenit, de asemenea, apostoli. Intr-un sens oarecum mai larg, Pavel se referea adesea la sine ca ,,apostol” (1 Corinteni 4,9; Galateni 1,1; etc.; cf. Evrei 3,1). Se pare ca Pavel isi intemeia pretentia lui la apostolie, insa, pe faptul ca Hristos i se aratase (vezi la 1 Corinteni 15,8) si il instruise (vezi Galateni 1,11.12). Cu toate acestea el vorbea despre sine atat ca ,,cel mai mic dintre apostoli” (1 Corinteni 15,9) si iarasi ca nefiind ,,cu nimic mai prejos decat apostolii acestia nespusi de alesi” (2 Corinteni 11,5). In alta parte el impaca aceste doua idei aparent exclusive (vezi 2 Corinteni 12,11). Intr-un sens si mai larg, barbati ca Barnaba, Timotei si Sila erau si ei numiti apostoli (vezi Fapte 14,14; 1 Tesaloniceni 1,1; 2,6). Este posibil ca termenul era aplicat si la orice delegat sau sol trimis de o biserica crestina ca reprezentant al ei (2 Corinteni 8,23; Filipeni 2,25). Sa propovaduiasca. Aici si in versetul 15 cele doua aspecte majore ale lucrarii personale ale lui Hristos sunt date si ca obiective ale lucrarii celor doisprezece: predicarea, pentru vindecarea sufletului; si vindecare, pentru tamaduirea trupului. Isus Insusi devota mai mult timp lucrarii in folosul nevoilor fizice ale omenirii decat predicarii si cei doisprezece fara indoiala au urmat pilda Lui. |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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