Printable ModeIosua 13:1
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13:1 Iosua era batran, inaintat in varsta. Domnul i-a zis atunci: Tu ai imbatranit, ai inaintat in varsta, si tara care-ti mai ramane de supus este foarte mare. Iosua era batran. In general, capitolul acesta este considerat a fi inceputul celei de a doua parti a cartii lui Iosua. Prima parte a redat istoria cuceririi tarii. Partea a doua se ocupa cu impartirea tarii intre cuceritori. Prima propozitie inseamna in mod literal, ,,Iosua imbatranise si era inaintat de zile”. Declaratia aceasta a fost facuta cu catva timp inainte de moartea sa in varsta de 110 ani (cap. 24,29). Pe vremuri, cuvantul ebraic tradus ,,batran” pare sa fi fost folosit in legatura cu starea de vitalitate mai degraba decat cu privire la numarul de ani pe care il traiau oamenii. Geneza 27,1 declara: ,,Isaac imbatranise”, adica era batran; totusi el a mai trait 43 de ani dupa aceea. Tot asa este spus si despre David, ca ,,el era foarte batran” (1 Regi 1,15), dar nu putea sa aiba mai mult de 70 de ani cand a murit. Greutatile si ingrijorarile regelui l-au imbatranit. In multe tari 50 sau 60 de ani este socotita o varsta mare. Tot asa, poate ca a fost si cu Iosua. Viata lui istovitoare ca razboinic si conducator al lui Israel si intensitatea ultimilor ani de cucerire, probabil ca l-au imbatranit poate ca oarecum deodata. Se poate ca energiile lui au cedat in mod mai rapid dupa lunga lui cale de slujire militara activa si nelinistita, astfel incat el a fost bucuros sa auda pe Dumnezeu ca rosteste cuvantul care cheama la o oprire a luptei spre a imparti tara. El poate sa se fi mirat cum avea el sa traiasca spre a duce campania necesara pana la capat spre a aseza pe deplin in propria tara pe copii lui Israel. Ca adevarat slujbas al lui Dumnezeu, Iosua a fost gata sa ,,jertfeasca” si sa fie ,,jertfit”. Nu avem informatii precise cu privire la varsta lui Iosua la data aceasta, dar Iosif Flavius (Antiquities v.1,29) sustine ca el a fost asociat cu Moise timp de 40 de ani, si ca dupa moarte domnului sau, el a guvernat pe Israel timp de 25 de ani. Deoarece el a murit la varsta de 110 ani, aceasta ar face ca el sa fi fost de 85 de ani la moartea lui Moise si cam in varsta de 45 de ani pe vremea Exodului. Comparand aceasta cu varsta declarata a lui Caleb (vezi despre cap. 11,18 si Introducerea, p. 172), Iosua ar fi avut varsta cam de 92 de ani la aceasta data, adica, daca ne putem intemeia pe datele lui Iosif Flavius. Mai ramane. Cucerirea militara, in general, era completata. Acum mai ramanea pentru israeliti sa ia tara in stapanire. Pana aici ei colonizasera relativ putin din ea. Pentru un moment se parea ca nu era chestiunea de a continua cu campaniile militare, pentru ca adesea de indata ce ostile lui Israel plecau, poporul invins avea sa se intoarca inapoi sa reia tara in stapanire. Planul era ca semintiile, dupa ce s-au stabilit in mostenirea lor, sa-si mareasca propriilor lor teritorii. Inca mai trebuia duse multe lupte pentru a se completa luarea in stapanire, dar binecuvantarea lui Dumnezeu din trecut era o asigurare pentru viitor. Asa este si in lupta spirituala. Lucrarea de biruire a defectelor de caracter este progresiva. Deposedarea vrajmasului din inima este o lupta continua. Trebuie dusa lupta dupa lupta impotriva tendintelor spre rau ereditare sau cultivate. Este important sa se clarifice deosebirea dintre lucrarea facuta de Iosua si lucrarea ramasa pentru Israel. Iosua a rasturnat puterile stapanitoare si a invins ostile lor in asa masura incat lui Israel i s-a dat o platforma sigura in tara. Dar el n-a nimicit populatia din orice parte a tarii. Unele neamuri au fost lasate neatinse in intregime (Judecator 2,20-23; 3,1-4). In cucerire si in expansiune regulile stabilite in legea lui Moise trebuia sa fie principiul calauzitor. Capitolul al 7-lea si al 12-lea din Deuteronom stabilesc trei reguli principale pe care trebuia sa le urmeze copii lui Israel: 1) completa nimicire a neamurilor pe care Iehova avea sa le dea in mainile lor; 2) nici un legamant sau tratat sa nu fie facut cu ei si orice casatorii mixte interzise; 3) nimicirea oricaror nume de idolatrie din teritoriul cucerit. Raspunderea celei dintai din acestea revenea conducatorilor; a doua si a treia revenea intregului popor. Este evident ca nimicirea persistenta si generala a obiectelor cultului canaanit impreuna cu refuzul de a face casatorii mixte si tratate avea sa tinda la perpetuarea unei stari de iritatie in sufletele canaanitilor. Daca aceste reguli ar fi fost observate cu credinciosie, probabil ca ar fi fost revolte constante de ostilitate, terminandu-se intr-o mai departe si mai rapida exterminare a vrajmasilor lui Israel, sau intr-o absoluta supunere fata de legea israelita. In felul acesta intreaga cucerire putea fi completata intr-un timp relativ scurt. Felul de cucerire antica poate fi luat spre a ilustra un adevar spiritual. In lupta crestina nu numai ca multe batalii impotriva pacatului puteau ramane neluptate, chiar dupa ani de lupta, dar mai poate fi mult teritoriu al adevarului inca neocupat. Noi nu ne-am asigurat inca toata cunostinta sacra pe care Dumnezeu ar vrea sa ne invete din Cuvantul Sau. Si care ne-ar fi de folos. Multi crestini sunt in pericol de a se bizui pe cuceririle unor ,,Iosua” mai degraba decat sa faca explorari proaspete pentru ei insisi in minele neexplorate ale adevarului. |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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