Printable ModeIoan 1:1
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1:1 La inceput era Cuvantul, si Cuvantul era cu Dumnezeu, si Cuvantul era Dumnezeu. La inceput. [Prolog la Evanghelia lui Ioan, Ioan 1,1-18]. Expresia din textul grec este lipsita de articolul hotarat, dar cu toate acestea este clara in inteles. Daca ar fi fost folosit articolul hotarat in textul grec ar tinde sa lase sa se inteleaga un anumit timp, sau ,,inceput”. Fara articolul hotarat si in contextul v. 1-3, expresia denota timpul cel mai departat ce se poate concepe, inainte de crearea ,,tuturor lucrurilor” (v. 3), inainte de oricare si de orice alt ,,inceput” care este, vesnicia trecuta. Relatarea creatiunii incepe cu cuvintele ebraice echivalente (vezi la Geneza 1,1). Asa cum Geneza 1 scoate in evidenta natura creatiunii si faptul ca omul a fost la inceput facut dupa chipul lui Dumnezeu, tot asa prologul la Evanghelia lui Ioan scoate in evidenta natura Creatorului (v. 1-4) si mijlocul prin care Dumnezeu intentiona sa faca posibila recrearea a chipului Sau in om (v. 5-14). Geneza 1,1 se refera la ,,inceputul” acestei lumi. Dar ,,Cuvantul” din Ioan 1,1-4 este Creatorul tuturor lucrurilor si deci anticipeaza ,,inceputul” din Geneza 1,1. Astfel, ,,inceputul” din Ioan 1,1 este anterior ,,inceputului” din Geneza 1,1. Cand a inceput orice a avut un inceput, ,,Cuvantul” ,,era” deja. Era. Gr. en, o forma a verbului eimi, ,,a fi” exprimand continuitate de existenta sau fiinta. Cuvantul era, in toata vesnicia; el niciodata nu a devenit asa ceva. Dar, cu timpul, Cuvantul ,,a fost facut [literal ,,a devenit”. Gr. egeneto, o forma a lui ginomai, ,,a deveni”, exprimand actiune initiata si completata la un timp dat] trup (v. 14). Astfel, Hristos a fost totdeauna Dumnezeu (Ioan 1,1; Evrei 1,8); dar, in contrast, El S-a facut [,,a devenit”] om (Ioan 1,14; cf. Filipeni 2,7). Astfel, atat in cuvinte, cat si in forma lor, Ioan subliniaza existenta continua, eterna, nelimitata a lui Hristos inainte de intruparea Lui. In vesnicia trecuta n-a fost nici un punct inainte de care se putea spune ca Cuvantul nu fusese. Fiul era ,,cu Tatal din toata vesnicia” (AA 39). ,,N-a fost nici un timp cand El nu era in stransa comuniune cu vesnicul Dumnezeu (EV 615). Comparati Apocalipsa 22,13, unde Isus Se proclama ,,inceputul si sfarsitul”. El ,,este acelasi ieri si azi si in veci” (Evrei 13,8). Cuvantul ginomai, folosit in v. 14, apare si in v. 3 cu privire la crearea tuturor lucrurilor (literal ,,prin el totul a devenit”). Isus declara, ,,inainte de a fi fost” [gr. ginomai, literal ,,deveni” sau ,,a ajunge sa fie”] Avraam, Eu sunt [ gr. eimi]” (cap. 8,58). Acelasi contrast apare in LXX-a la Psalmii 90,2; ,,Inainte de a se fi nascut [,,a ajunge in fiinta”, KJV] [gr. ginomai], din vesnicie in vesnicie, Tu esti [gr. eimi] Dumnezeu”. En apare de trei ori in Ioan 1,1, intai cu privire la vesnicia Cuvantului, apoi cu privire la comuniunea Sa vesnica cu Tatal si in cele din urma cu privire la egalitatea Sa vesnica in natura cu Tatal. Versetul 2 reafirma durata acestei stari de fiinta in toata vesnicia. Cuvantul. Gr. logos, ,,exprimare”, ,,zicere”, ,,vorbire”, ,,naratiune”, ,,relatare”, ,,tratat”, cu accentul asupra aranjamentului sistematic, cu inteles, al ideilor astfel exprimate. Aici Ioan foloseste termenul ca denumire pentru Hristos, care a venit sa exprime caracterul, gandul si voia Tatalui, asa cum vorbirea este exprimarea ideilor. In LXX-a cuvantul Logos este folosit de obicei atat pentru exprimarile creatoare (Psalmii 33,6; cf. Geneza 1,3.6.9, etc.), cat si pentru exprimarile de comunicare (Ieremia 1,4; Ezechiel 1,3; Amos 3,1) ale gandului si voii divine. Fara indoiala, aceste intrebuintari VT erau in mintea lui Ioan atunci cand scria. Dumnezeu a exprimat voia si scopul Sau divin prin creatiune si prin revelatie; acum (Ioan 1,14) El a facut lucrul acesta prin intrupare, suprema si desavarsita Sa revelatie (vezi EGW, Material suplimentar, la v. 18). Cuvantul Logos rezuma in felul acesta tema dominanta a cartii lui Ioan (vezi cap. 14,8-10; si mai jos la ,,Cuvantul era Dumnezeu” si Nota aditionala la capitolul 1). In v. 18 Ioan arata motivul sau de a vorbi despre Hristos ca fiind ,,Cuvantul” – El a venit sa Il faca ,,cunoscut” pe Tatal. Ca o denumire pentru Hristos cuvantul Logos este folosit in NT numai de Ioan, in Evanghelia sa (cap. 1) si in 1 Ioan 1,1; Apocalipsa 19,13. Termenul identifica pe Hristos ca expresie intrupata a voii Tatalui ca toti oamenii sa fie mantuiti (vezi 1 Timotei 2,4), ca ,,gandul lui Dumnezeu facut auzibil” (DA 19). Cu Dumnezeu. Gr. pros ton theon. Cuvantul pros denota o stransa asociere si comuniune. Daca Ioan ar fi vrut sa spuna simplu ca Cuvantul era in apropiere de Dumnezeu s-ar fi putut astepta ca el sa foloseasca fie cuvantul para ,,alaturi”, fie cuvantul meta ,,cu” (cf. la cap. 6,46). Dar Ioan a intentionat mai mult decat putea sa spuna oricare din cuvintele acestea, ca atunci cand scria ,,avem la Tatal [ gr. pros] un Mangaietor] (1 Ioan 2,1) – nu in sensul ca Isus este doar in prezenta Tatalui, ci ca El este strans asociat cu Tatal in lucrarea de mantuire. Pros este folosit in acelasi sens in Evrei 4,13: ,,cu care aveam de-a face” adica ,,cu care avem legaturi”. Aici cuvantul lasa sa se inteleaga o stransa comuniune personala intr-o lucrare de interes reciproc si preocupare reciproca. Comparati Ioan 17,5. Faptul ca Cuvantul era ,,cu Dumnezeu”, adica cu Tatal, Il declara emfatic ca fiind o fiinta cu totul distincta de Tatal. Asa cum lamureste contextul, Cuvantul era asociat cu Dumnezeu intr-un sens unic si exclusiv. Cuvantul era ,,cu Dumnezeu” in vesnicia trecuta, dar S-a facut ,,trup” pentru a fi cu ,,noi” (vezi la v. 14; cf. DA 23-26). El era Emanuel, ,,Dumnezeu cu noi” (vezi la Matei 1,23). Este cu neputinta sa intelegem importanta intruparii decat numai pe fundalul preexistentei vesnice a lui Hristos ca Dumnezeu si ca asociat cu Dumnezeu (vezi EGW Material suplimentar la Romani 1,20.25). Cuvantul era Dumnezeu. In textul grec, absenta articolului hotarat inainte de cuvantul ,,Dumnezeu” face cu neputinta de redat expresia: ,,Dumnezeu era Cuvantul”. A o reda astfel ar insemna sa se faca Dumnezeu egal cu Cuvantul si in felul acesta sa se limiteze Dumnezeirea exclusiv la Cuvant. Cei doi termeni, ,,Cuvant” si ,,Dumnezeu” nu pot fi cu totul pusi unul in locul celuilalt. Nu ar fi mai corespunzator sa zicem ca ,,Dumnezeu era Cuvantul” decat sa zicem ca ,,iubirea este Dumnezeu” (cf. 1 Ioan 4,16), sau ,,Cuvantul a fost facut trup” (cf. Ioan 1,14). Desi aici in v. 1 cuvantului ,,Dumnezeu” ii lipseste articolul hotarat, el este totusi clar. Enuntarea nu poate fi tradusa ,,Cuvantul era un Dumnezeu”, ca si cum Cuvantul era un Dumnezeu intre multi alti dumnezei. In limba greaca absenta articolului hotarat adesea accentueaza calitatea exprimata de un cuvant sau inerenta in el. In acord cu aceasta, Ioan vrea sa spuna ca Cuvantul participa la esenta divinitatii, ca El era divin in sensul de ultim si absolut. Astfel, printr-o declaratie concisa, Ioan tagaduieste ca Cuvantul era fie un Dumnezeu, unul intre multi, fie Dumnezeul, ca si cum numai El era Dumnezeu. In prolog (v. 1-18) Ioan anunta scopul care l-a calauzit in scrierea Evangheliei; si anume, sa prezinte pe omul Isus ca Dumnezeu intrupat (cf. 1 Ioan 1,1). Din incident in incident si din discurs in discurs el urmareste cu credinciosie obiectivul acesta. In concluzia sa el observa ca scopul sau in scriere era de a conduce pe altii sa ,,creada ca Isus este Hristosul, Fiul lui Dumnezeu” si crezand, sa aiba ,,viata si numele Lui” (Ioan 20,30.31). In introducerea la prima sa epistola, Ioan se refera din nou la experienta sa personala cu ,,Cuvantul” (1 Ioan 1,1-3). La fel, cuvintele de incepere ale Apocalipsei declara ca ea este ,,descoperirea lui Isus Hristos” (cap. 1,1). Vezi Nota aditionala la sfarsitul capitolului; vezi la Filipeni 2,6-8; Coloseni 2,9. Hristos este Dumnezeu vesnic in sensul suprem si absolut al termenului (vezi Nota aditionala la sfarsitul capitolului). Pentru comentariu la fictiunea ca Isus era doar un om mare si bun vezi la Matei 16,16. Dovezile dumnezeirii lui Hristos sunt multe si de necombatut. Acestea pot fi rezumate pe scurt: 1) viata pe care El a trait-o (Evrei 4,15; 1 Petru 2,22), 2), cuvintele pe care le-a vorbit (Ioan 7,46; 14,10; cf. Matei 7,29), 3) minunile pe care le-a savarsit (Ioan 5,20; 14,11), 4) profetiile pe care le-a implinit (Luca 24,26.27.44; Ioan 5,39; DA 799). Vezi DA 406, 407. |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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