Printable ModeIov 1:1
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1:1 Era in tara Ut un om care se numea Iov. Si omul acesta era fara prihana si curat la suflet. El se temea de Dumnezeu, si se abatea de la rau. Ut. Aceasta asezare geografica n-a fost in mod categoric identificata. Conform Plangeri 4:28, "tara Ut" din timpul lui Ieremia era fie Edomul, fie "fiica Edomului" locuia departe de patrie intr-o tara care poate fusese cucerita de Edom. Cea din urma este probabil corecta, deoarece " tara lui Ut " si Edomul sunt trecute separat intr-o lista lunga de natiuni care aveau sa suporte razbunarea dumnezeiasca (Ieremia 25:20.21). Totusi , putinele date scripturistice cu privire la resedinta tovarasilor lui Iov, Elifaz, Bildad si Tofar (Iov 2:11) par sa indice ca ei veneau de undeva din vecinatatea Edomului. De pilda, Elifaz era un temanit. Edomul si Temanul sunt enumerate intr-un fel care le leaga strans una de alta (vezi Ieremia 49:7.20; Ezechiel 25:13; Amos 1:11.12; Obadia 8:9). Tribul lui Bildad, cuprinzand pe suliti, descindea probabil din Chetura, concubina lui Avraam (Genesa 25:2). Buz, caminul celui de-al patrulea prieten al lui Iov, Elihu (Iov 32:2), e de asemenea legat de Tema, cetatea de obarsie lui Elifaz (vezi Ieremia 25:23). In ciuda acestor dovezi care indica tinutul edomit ca asezare a tinutului Ut, alti factori au condus pe unii la concluzii diferite. LXX in loc de Ut traduce Ausites, despre care se spune ca a fost un teritoriu in partea de nord a desertului Arabiei, intre Palestina si raul Eufrat. Gesenius sustine aceasta localitate ca fiind Ut din Iov 1:1. Invecinarea ei cu Caldeea, de unde au venit cetele jefuitoare care au luat camilele lui Iov (v. 17) tinde sa dea credit acestei teorii. Pe de alta parte, pe marturia LXX nu se poate pune totdeauna baza, ca de pilda afirmatia din apendicele LXX la Iov, care pretinde ca Iov era unul din regii Edomului. Alte traditii, pastrate de arabi, plaseaza tinutul Ut in apropiere de Damasc. De fapt, o asezare la 64 km sud-vest de Damasc poarta inca numele Deir Eiyub, perpetuand numele lui Iov. Locul acesta si amplasarea nord-arabica au fost sustinute, intrucat despre Iov se spune ca era omul "cel mai cu vaza din Rasarit" (v. 3). Se admite ca termenul acesta se aplica teritoriului aflat la rasarit de Palestina. Astfel, asezarea in vecinatatea Edomului nu s-ar potrivi din punct de vedere geografic. Pe de alta parte, daca adoptam pozitia ca Moise este autorul cartii (vezi Introducere), determinarea lui geografica ar fi fost Egiptul si Madianul si nu Palestina. Nu mai exista nimic altceva in carte care sa ajute la identificarea Utului. Fiii si fiicele lui Iov locuiau intr-un tinut unde "un vant mare de dincolo de pustie" i-a lovit (v. 19). Ei traiau intr-un tinut cultivat, unde "boii arau si magaritele pasteau langa ei" (v. 14). Locuinta lui Iov era intr-o cetate sau in apropiere de ea (cap. 29:7). Tabloul, asa cum este el, fragmentar, pare sa fie acela al unei zone marginale de ferme si targuri la limita desertului. O astfel de amplasare nu ar fi neobisnuita in multe zone din Rasarit. Iov. Ebr. 'Iyyob, pe care unii il considera ca vine din radacina 'ayab, si care inseamna "a fi ostil", "a se purta ca un vrajmas". De aceea, "Iov" ar putea sa insemne "cel atacat". Gesenius sugereaza ca ideea principala a lui 'ayab ar putea fi aceea de a respira, a sufla, a pufai, impotriva cuiva, ca o exprimare a maniei sau a urii. Totusi, nu se poate stabili ca numele "Iov" deriva de la aceasta radacina. Cu toate acestea, nu e ceva neobisnuit in Scripturi ca numele unui om sa descrie caracteristice lui majore. Numele acestea erau, fara indoiala, date mai tarziu in viata, asa cum a fost numele "Israel" (Genesa 32:28). Numele "Iov" e necunoscut in literatura ebraica, dar apare in Scripturile de la Amarna din secolul al XIV-lea i.Hr., sub forma Ayyab. Numele este de asemenea atestat in documente cuneiforme de la Mari, unde este scris Ayyabum. "Iov" din Genesa 46:13 nu e din ebr. 'Iyyob, ci din Yob. In cimitirul Rock Creek din Washington D.C. exista faimoasa statuie a durerii de Augustus Saint-Gaudens. Este menita sa fie intruparea intregii dureri omenesti. Privind-o, un critic francez a spus: "Nu cunosc nici o opera atat de profunda in simtaminte, atat de inalta in arta ei si executata cu metode atat de simple si atat de cuprinzatoare". Biblia are propria sa "intrupare a durerii" in persoana lui Iov. Parafrazand pe criticul de arta francez, putem spune ca nu exista nimic mai profund in simtaminte sau mai inalt in arta ei ca aceasta carte. Fara prihana. [Desavarsit, KJV]. Cuvantul acesta nu da de inteles neaparat o lipsa absoluta a pacatului. El inseamna mai degraba deplinatate, integritate, sinceritate, dar intr-un sens relativ. Omul care este "desavarsit" inaintea lui Dumnezeu este cel care a atins gradul de dezvoltare pe care Cerul il asteapta de la el un anumit moment. Termenul ebraic tam este echivalent cu grecescul teleios, care adesea este tradus "desavarsit" in Noul Testament, dar care e mai bine tradus "deplin crescut" sau "matur" (vezi 1 Corinteni 14:20, unde teleioi e tradus "oameni mari" in contrast cu "copii"). E greu de gasit un cuvant care este potrivit ca traducere a termenului tam. Unii traducatori, luandu-se dupa LXX, au folosit cuvantul "fara prihana". Acesta nu pare suficient pentru a sugera sensul absolut de deplin si total prezent in tam. Curat la suflet. [Drept, KJV]. Ebr. yashar, "corect", "echilibrat", "just". Se temea de Dumnezeu. O expresie biblica obisnuita care denota credinciosie si devotament fata de Dumnezeu. Aici se urmareste punerea in antiteza a lui Iov, care era devotat lui Dumnezeu, cu cei care inchinatori ai altor dumnezei. Se abatea. Ideea este aceea a evitarii raului, a abaterii de la el, ca de o primejdie. Cele patru idei cuprinse in versetul acesta nu sunt simple repetari pentru a impresiona pe cititor ca Iov era un om bun, ci ele se completeaza reciproc in vederea alcatuirii tabloului complet al unui caracter iesit din comun. |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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