Printable ModeExod 12:37
|
12:37 Copiii lui Israel au plecat din Ramses spre Sucot, in numar de aproape sase sute de mii de oameni care mergeau pe jos, afara de copii. Din Ramses. Faptul ca ,,Ramses” de aici este acelasi ca si ,,Ramses” din cap. 1,11, cu greu poate fi pus la indoiala, deoarece cuvintele ebraice difera numai in vocalizarea lor, care a fost inserata in Biblie aproximativ prin secolul al VII-lea al erei crestine. Ramses a fost orasul pentru a carui construire mana de lucru a sclavului izraelit fusese folosita pe scara larga. Dupa cum este spus in comentariul asupra cap. 1.11, numele dat aici probabil ca este un nume de mai tarziu al cetatii Tanis (Avaris). La doua sute de ani dupa Exod, Tanis a primit numele de Ramses, acordat de marele lui renovator, Ramses II. Ruinele acestei cetati sunt cunoscute astazi sub numele arab San el-Hagar. Ea este asezata in delta nord-estica, aproximativ la 27 mile nord-vest de cetatea El Qantara pe canalul de Suez. Spre Sucot. Comentatorii mai vechi au identificat in mod incorect acesta, ca fiind primul loc de oprire al izraelitilor dupa plecarea lor din Ramses, cu Pitom. Acum, cercetatorii sunt in general de acord ca numele ebraic dat aici este o transliterare a egipteanului Tjeku, amintit in documentele egiptene ca o localitate de granita. Locul acesta este identificat cu Tell el-Maskhuta, in partea de rasarit a lui Wadi Tumilat, aproximativ la 32 mile sud-est de Tanis sau Ramses. Sase sute de mii. Comentatorii scot in evidenta unele dificultati cu privire la numarul indicat aici. Vazand ca au fost inclusi numai barbatii in varsta de peste 20 de ani (Numeri 1,3-43), populatia totala putea fi evaluata la mai multe milioane. Problema este cum a putut o asemenea multime, impreuna cu miile de animale ale lor, sa treaca prin stramtele vai ale peninsulei Sinai, fara a se intinde pe un parcurs de sute de mile, fara sa se mai spuna nimic despre gasirea macar a unui loc de tabara destul de mare pentru a-i adaposti? Unii citeaza dovezi biblice care arata ca Israel era relativ mic si slab – prea putini ca sa ocupe tara, daca li s-ar fi oferit intr-un an (Exod 23,29.30; Numeri 13,28-33; Deuteronom 1,26-30; 7,7.17-22). Altii explica faptul ca numerele din ebraica originala ar putea produce incurcaturi. De exemplu, nu se stie daca numeralele asociate 100 si 1000 trebuie sa fie intelese ca de 100 de ori, sau ca 100 plus 1000. Unii comentatori sugereaza ca nu puteau intelege in mod precis cuvantul ebraic tradus prin ,,mie”, ‘lph sau ‘eleph. Cuvantul mai inseamna si familie, ca in Judecatori 6,15. In alte locuri pare sa insemne ,,familie” sau ,,clan” (1 Samuel 10,19; 23,23; Mica 5,2). Ba mai mult, ‘aluph, un cuvant avand aceleasi consoane ca ‘eleph, dar vocale diferite inseamna ,,prieten”, sau ,,sef tribal”. Din cauza aceasta, s-a sugerat ca expresia tradusa de obicei ,,sase sute de mii”, in realitate inseamna ,,sase sute de familii”. Comentatorii cred ca mult mai probabil ca cele 12 familii care au coborat in Egipt cu Iacov sa creasca la 600 de familii in 215 ani, decat sa presupuna ca cei 70 de barbati din Geneza 47,27 au crescut la 600.000 de barbati in numai patru generatii. (vezi Geneza 15,16). Unii au explicat ca 600.000 de barbati ar fi putut sa rezulte din cresterea naturala, daca fiecare fiu, asemenea lui Iacov, ar fi avut 12 fii. Impotriva acestei teoretice solutii matematice s-a ridicat obiectia ca nici unul din urmasii lui Iacov, ai caror fii sunt raportati, nu a avut atat de multi copii. O alta semnificatie a lui ‘eleph este ,,unitate militara” (Numeri 31,5.14, etc.). Prin urmare, unii spun ca armatele izraelite erau constituite de 600 de unitati, fiecare dintr-un clan, sau diviziune tribala. Referirea lui E.G. White la ,,mai mult de doua milioane de suflete” (PP 334, 379 tr. romana) si ca ,,milioanele” care au iesit din Egipt si-au gasit mormantul in pustie (PP 410) se armonizeaza cu cuvintele lui Moise asa cum le gasim traduse ca fiind 600.000, aici si in alte texte asemanatoare (vezi cap. 38,25.26). |
Seek to any passage:
Search the text:
Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
Select another version: