Printable Mode2 Samuel 8:17
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8:17 Tadoc, fiul lui Ahitub, si Ahimelec, fiul lui Abiatar, erau preoti; Seraia era logofat; Tadoc. Aici, Tadoc si Ahimelec sunt enumerati ca preoti, evident ca mari preoti, deoarece lista cuprinde pe cei mai inalti slujbasi ai imparatiei. Tadoc a aparut deja in prima parte a istoriei domniei lui David, unde este numit impreuna cu Abiatar in legatura cu aducerea chivotului la Ierusalim (1 Cronici 15,11). In timpul domniei lui David, cei doi sunt numiti de repetate ori colegi, dupa cate s-ar parea, egali. Au fost sugerate trei motive pentru care David a urmat, dupa cum se pare, ciudata procedura de a avea doi mari preoti: (1) Cei doi preoti au reprezentat cele doua linii descendente din fiii lui Aaron: Eleazar si Itamar (vezi 1 Cronici 24,1-6), unde sunt amintiti Tadoc si Ahimelec, fiul lui Abiatar; (2) Reunind pe Iuda cu Israel, dupa un razboi indelungat, poate ca David a sperat sa cimenteze unitatea spiritului religios national, impartind slujba de mare preot intre cele doua case. Linia preoteasca a lui Abiatar fusese aproape nimicita de Saul (1 Samuel 22,9-20) pentru ajutorul dat lui David, dar ramura reprezentata prin Tadoc a ramas credincioasa lui Saul, cel putin pana cand David a ajuns imparat peste intregul Israel (1 Cronici 12,23-28); (3) Serviciul inchinarii nationale la Iehova nu fusese inca centralizat, pentru ca chivotul era la Ierusalim, iar cortul intalnirii la Gabaon, unde fusese dus dupa masacrul de la Nob; de aceea era nevoie de doua randuri de mari preoti, Tadoc fiind amintit in mod special ca slujind la Gabaon (1Cronici 16,39.40). Pentru istoria lui Tadoc si a tovarasilor lui de slujba, vezi sectiunea urmatoare despre Ahimelec. Ahimelec. Amintit ca fiu al lui Abiatar, nu numai aici ci si in textul paralel din 1 Cronici 18,16 (ortografiat Abimelec) si in 1 Cronici 24,6, care se refera la o ocazie de mai tarziu. Dar marii preoti uniti cu David (vezi cele despre Tadoc scrise mai sus) sunt numiti de repetate ori ca ,,Tadoc si Abiatar”, pe tot parcursul vietii lui si chiar la inceputul domniei lui Solomon. De aceea, pomenirea lui Tadoc si Ahimelec in textul de fata si in cel din Cronici a dat nastere la speculatii privind ,,erorile de scriere” si ,,numele confuze”, mai ales deoarece Ahimelec este numit fiul lui Abiatar si Abiatar fiul lui Ahimelec. Dar nu este nevoie sa se ia in considerare o eroare. Criticii nu tin totdeauna seama de faptul ca presupusa lor dificultate poate usor sa apara, atat din lipsa lor de informatii complete, cat si din greseala din partea scrierii vechi sau a copistilor. Referinte dispersate despre mai multe generatii ale unei familii preotesti nu constituie o naratiune completa. De pilda, sa ne inchipuim un strain, nefamiliarizat cu istoria americana, care citeste o carte despre politica americana. El poate fi mirat sa afle ca inaintea lui Cleveland a fost presedinte Benjamin Harrison, alaturi de alte declaratii ca el a precedat pe Harrison la presedintia Americii. Daca acest strain citeste toata istoria acelei perioade, va afla ca ambele informatii sunt corecte. Afirmatiile despre Ahimelec si Abiatar permit urmatoarea reconstituire a evenimentelor: Ahimelec, care a dat lui David, ca fugar ,painea punerii inainte la Nob, a fost fiul lui Ahitub (1 Samuel 22,9-12) si era un descendent al lui Eli, pentru ca fiul sau, Abiatar a implinit profetia cu privire la casa lui Eli (1 Regi 2,27). In conformitate cu genealogia din 1 Samuel 14,3, Ahimelec trebuie sa fi fost un barbat de varsta inaintata cand a ajutat pe David. Abiatar, fiul sau, ar fi putut fi si el mare preot in acelasi timp (vezi despre Marcu 2,26), daca facea aceeasi slujba cu tatal sau. Or, el poate ca a fost mare preot in functie, in timp ce tatal sau a fost ,,mare preot onorific”, dupa cum este clar ca era legatura din Eli si fiii sai si dintre Ana si Caiafa, pe timpul lui Hristos (vezi despre Luca 3,2). Cand Saul a ucis pe preotii familiei lui Ahimelec, Abiatar a scapat cu efodul, simbolul slujbei sale (vezi despre Exod 28,6-20) si a devenit sfetnic si preot al lui David aflat in exil (1 Samuel 22,20; 23,6.9; 30,7). Abiatar si Tadoc sunt amintiti din nou impreuna ca mari preoti in legatura cu ceremonia aducerii chivotului lui Dumnezeu la Ierusalim (1Cronici 15,11.12). De aici inainte, Tadoc si Abiatar sunt numiti impreuna de repetate ori ca ,,mari preoti” in partea de la urma a vietii lui David (2 Samuel 15,29.35.36; 17,15; 19,11; 20,25) si chiar in prima parte a domniei lui Solomon (1 Regi 4,4). Dupa biruintele ostirilor lui David asupra diferitilor vrajmasi din afara, consolidarea imparatiei si asigurarea intemeierii dreptatii, asa cum este descrisa in capitolul de fata (v. 1-15), dam de o lista a celor mai inalti slujbasi ai lui David. Dar aici sunt cuprinse numele lui Tadoc si Ahimelec ,,marii preoti”, ca si in textul paralel (1 Cronici 18,16). Abiatar a fost pentru un timp inlocuit cu fiul sau. Nu exista nimic care sa indice cat timp a detinut Ahimelec aceasta slujba sau de ce n-a ramas in aceasta slujba. Poate ca el a fost facut preot pentru o perioada, pe timpul cat tatal sau nu statea bine cu sanatatea. Poate ca batranul a putut fi scos cu intentia de a fi retras din viata sociala, din cauza desfasurarii unor evenimente neasteptate – posibil razvratirea lui Absalom. Cu toate ca Biblia nu ne informeaza asupra acestor chestiuni, in preotie au putut avea loc schimbari pentru un numar de motive. Nu este nevoie sa se presupuna ca avem de-a face cu o eroare a unui scrib. Peste ani, il gasim pe Ahimelec participand inca o data la o ceremonie publica. Aceasta preceda incoronarea lui Solomon, cand batranul David a prescris indatoririle levitilor pentru viitoarea slujire in Templul anticipativ. S-a tras la sorti inaintea lui David si inaintea ,,preotului Tadoc si Ahimelec, fiul lui Abiatar” (1 Cronici 24,1-3; compara cu v. 6 si 31) ca reprezentanti ai celor doua ramuri ale familiei lui Aaron. Nu este deloc de mirare ca Abiatar n-a fost prezent cu aceasta ocazie, pentru ca el fusese doar de curand implicat in incercarea lui Adonia de a pune mana pe tron (1 Regi 1,5-7.19). In absenta lui, a fost normal ca fiul sau, Ahimelec sa functioneze ca reprezentant al casei lui Itamar, fata de Tadoc, al casei lui Eleazar. In felul acesta, alaturarea numelui sau cu cel al lui Tadoc nu cere o alta schimbare in slujba marelui preot. Ahimelec nu este numit preot, desi este amintit de trei ori (1 Cronici 24,3.6.31). La incoronarea lui Solomon numai Tadoc a fost uns ca mare preot (1 Cronici 29,22). Totusi, Abiatar apare in prima lista a inaltilor slujbasi la inceputul domniei lui Solomon (1 Regi 4,4; compara cu v. 1, ceea ce inseamna ca aceasta lista se refera la inceputul domniei), adica inainte de moartea lui David. Probabil ca Solomon l-a retinut in slujba din respect pentru stima pe care i-o purta David ca vechi prieten si sfetnic. Cel putin el n-a demis pe Abiatar din preotit pana dupa moartea lui David si apoi numai dupa ce Adonia a facut ceea ce Solomon a considerat a fi o alta miscare amenintatoare (1 Regi 2,22.26.27). De atunci inainte Tadoc a fost singurul mare preot (1 Regi 2,35). In felul acesta este evident ca diferitele rapoarte sunt complementare, nu contradictorii, si deci nu necesita revizuire. Logofat. Evident o pozitie inalta, comparabila cu aceea a unui ministru (vezi 2 Regi 12,10; 18,37; 19,2). |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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