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Exod 12:37


12:37 Copiii lui Israel au plecat din Ramses spre Sucot, în număr de aproape şase sute de mii de oameni care mergeau pe jos, afară de copii.

Din Ramses. Faptul că ,,Ramses” de aici este acelaşi ca şi ,,Ramses” din cap. 1,11, cu greu poate fi pus la îndoială, deoarece cuvintele ebraice diferă numai în vocalizarea lor, care a fost inserată în Biblie aproximativ prin secolul al VII-lea al erei creştine. Ramses a fost oraşul pentru a cărui construire mâna de lucru a sclavului izraelit fusese folosită pe scară largă. După cum este spus în comentariul asupra cap. 1.11, numele dat aici probabil că este un nume de mai târziu al cetăţii Tanis (Avaris). La două sute de ani după Exod, Tanis a primit numele de Ramses, acordat de marele lui renovator, Ramses II. Ruinele acestei cetăţi sunt cunoscute astăzi sub numele arab San el-Hagar. Ea este aşezată în delta nord-estică, aproximativ la 27 mile nord-vest de cetatea El Qantara pe canalul de Suez.

Spre Sucot. Comentatorii mai vechi au identificat în mod incorect acesta, ca fiind primul loc de oprire al izraeliţilor după plecarea lor din Ramses, cu Pitom. Acum, cercetătorii sunt în general de acord că numele ebraic dat aici este o transliterare a egipteanului Tjeku, amintit în documentele egiptene ca o localitate de graniţă. Locul acesta este identificat cu Tell el-Maskhuta, în partea de răsărit a lui Wadi Tumilat, aproximativ la 32 mile sud-est de Tanis sau Ramses.

Şase sute de mii. Comentatorii scot în evidenţă unele dificultăţi cu privire la numărul indicat aici. Văzând că au fost incluşi numai bărbaţii în vârstă de peste 20 de ani (Numeri 1,3-43), populaţia totală putea fi evaluată la mai multe milioane. Problema este cum a putut o asemenea mulţime, împreună cu miile de animale ale lor, să treacă prin strâmtele văi ale peninsulei Sinai, fără a se întinde pe un parcurs de sute de mile, fără să se mai spună nimic despre găsirea măcar a unui loc de tabără destul de mare pentru a-i adăposti?

Unii citează dovezi biblice care arată că Israel era relativ mic şi slab – prea puţini ca să ocupe ţara, dacă li s-ar fi oferit într-un an (Exod 23,29.30; Numeri 13,28-33; Deuteronom 1,26-30; 7,7.17-22).

Alţii explică faptul că numerele din ebraica originală ar putea produce încurcături. De exemplu, nu se ştie dacă numeralele asociate 100 şi 1000 trebuie să fie înţelese ca de 100 de ori, sau ca 100 plus 1000.

Unii comentatori sugerează că nu puteau înţelege în mod precis cuvântul ebraic tradus prin ,,mie”, ‘lph sau ‘eleph. Cuvântul mai înseamnă şi familie, ca în Judecători 6,15. În alte locuri pare să însemne ,,familie” sau ,,clan” (1 Samuel 10,19; 23,23; Mica 5,2). Ba mai mult, ‘aluph, un cuvânt având aceleaşi consoane ca ‘eleph, dar vocale diferite înseamnă ,,prieten”, sau ,,şef tribal”. Din cauza aceasta, s-a sugerat că expresia tradusă de obicei ,,şase sute de mii”, în realitate înseamnă ,,şase sute de familii”. Comentatorii cred că mult mai probabil că cele 12 familii care au coborât în Egipt cu Iacov să crească la 600 de familii în 215 ani, decât să presupună că cei 70 de bărbaţi din Geneza 47,27 au crescut la 600.000 de bărbaţi în numai patru generaţii. (vezi Geneza 15,16).

Unii au explicat că 600.000 de bărbaţi ar fi putut să rezulte din creşterea naturală, dacă fiecare fiu, asemenea lui Iacov, ar fi avut 12 fii. Împotriva acestei teoretice soluţii matematice s-a ridicat obiecţia că nici unul din urmaşii lui Iacov, ai căror fii sunt raportaţi, nu a avut atât de mulţi copii.

O altă semnificaţie a lui ‘eleph este ,,unitate militară” (Numeri 31,5.14, etc.). Prin urmare, unii spun că armatele izraelite erau constituite de 600 de unităţi, fiecare dintr-un clan, sau diviziune tribală.

Referirea lui E.G. White la ,,mai mult de două milioane de suflete” (PP 334, 379 tr. română) şi că ,,milioanele” care au ieşit din Egipt şi-au găsit mormântul în pustie (PP 410) se armonizează cu cuvintele lui Moise aşa cum le găsim traduse ca fiind 600.000, aici şi în alte texte asemănătoare (vezi cap. 38,25.26).


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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here. Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.

Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.

1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.

2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.

3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.

4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).

5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.

6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.

7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.

8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.


How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones

It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.

A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).

The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version. Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain the software to be installed on your mobile phone.

I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing, to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.

There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor) files. These JAD files has to be uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).

There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid

Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of the software.


1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
 

If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is enough to access https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/  from the browser of the mobile phone, and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more). After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile phone.

Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.

2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.

If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared port of the computer (preferable laptop).

c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g. on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have larger fonts, full screen display etc.

3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check if exists).

4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:

a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next, you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the JAR desired file.

5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to download and run Java applications.


Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific models.

Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).

Multilingual Online Ebooks

It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.


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Source: Text from read this link, compiled by biblephone2008@gmail.com





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