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Faptele Apostolilor 9:2


9:2 şi i-a cerut scrisori către sinagogile din Damasc, ca, dacă va găsi pe unii umblând pe Calea credinţei, atât bărbaţi cât şi femei, să-i aducă legaţi la Ierusalim.

A cerut. (,,A dorit” KJV; ,,Ceru”, Nitz). De preferat, ,,a cerut”, sau ,,a solicitat” în favoarea sa, probabil pentru a justifica înălţarea lui în cadrul Sinedriului.

Scrisori. Acestea erau hârtiile care constituiau ,,puterea şi învoirea” lui Saul (cap. 26,12). Reiese că Roma a conlucrat cu autorităţile iudaice dând marelui preot puteri de extrădare a fugarilor iudei. Autoritatea aceasta probabil datează de pe la 56 î. Hr. (Iosif, Antiquities, XIV, 8,5 [146-148]; conform cu 1 Macabei 15,15-24).

Damasc. Cetatea aceasta e socotită ca una dintre cele mai vechi din lume. Locul ei era considerat în mod tradiţional scena uciderii lui Abel. Iosif, (Antiquities, I. 6,4 [145]) atribuie întemeierea oraşului lui Uz, nepotul lui Sem (vol. I, p. 270). Această cetate figurează în istoria lui Avraam ca loc de naştere a administratorului său (Geneza 14,2). David plasează acolo garnizoane (2 Samuel 8,6) dar sub Rezon, cetatea a devenit un centru al opoziţiei lui Solomon (1 Regi 11,23-25). Râurile lui, Abana şi Parpar erau, în ochii generalului Sirian lepros, Naaman, mai bune decât oricare din râurile lui Israel (2 Regi 5,12). Era centrul regatului sirian în alianţele şi războaiele cu Israelul şi Iudeea (2 Regi 14,28; 16,9.10; Amos 1,3.5). Făcea comerţ cu mărfuri cu Tirul, cum şi cu vin şi lână albă, aşa cum e notat de Ezechiel (cap. 27,16.18). În anul 333 î. Hr., generalul macedonean Parmenion, a cucerit cetatea pentru Alexandru cel Mare. A fost recâştigată de romanul Pompei în anul 64 î. Hr. Pe vremea convertirii lui Saul, se găsea sub jurisdicţia lui Vitellius, pe atunci guvernator roman al Siriei. Când Tiberius a murit în anul 37 d. Hr., Vitellius s-a grăbit să se ducă la Roma şi Aretas IV, regele nabatanienilor, a pus stăpânire pe Damasc şi l-a guvernat printr-un delegat. Aşa stăteau lucrurile la data când Saul a trebuit să fugă din cetate. (2 Corinteni 11,82)

Damascul alcătuia o oază în pustiul Sirian. Râul Abana, alimentat de zăpezile munţilor Anti-Liban, iriga terenul şi-l făcea foarte roditor. Cetatea era bine descrisă ca ,,o capitală predestinată”. Populaţia ei era predominant aramaică, dar cetatea poseda o mare colonie iudaică. Naraţiunea (Fapte 9,2.14) lasă a se înţelege că printre ei erau mulţi ,,ucenici ai Domnului” (v. 1). Dintre aceştia, mulţi poate fuseseră refugiaţi din cauza persecuţiei din Ierusalim şi din împrejurimile lui şi sinagogile locale erau fără îndoială chemate să aplice decretul Sinedriului din Ierusalim. Luca nu explică pentru ce a ales Saul locul acesta pentru lucrarea lui de pedepsire mai departe a bisericii. Motivele însă pot fi oferite:

1) Aşa cum s-a notat, creştinii se refugiaseră acolo, la o oarecare distanţă considerabilă de Iudeea.

2) Acolo erau convertiţi creştini care erau cetăţeni ai locului.

3) Se poate ca Damascul să fi devenit un centru depărtat al bisericii în dezvoltare.

4) Se poate ca Saul să fi cunoscut bine autorităţile iudaice şi putea să conteze pe conlucrarea lor împotriva creştinilor.

Sinagogile. Cetatea era cosmopolitană şi probabil erau acolo iudei din multe naţiuni. Ca şi la Ierusalim (conform cu cele de la cap. 6,9) grupe naţionale îşi vor fi înfiinţat propriile lor sinagogi. Se apreciază că vor fi fost 30 sau 40 de sinagogi în cetatea Damascului pe vremea aceea. Fără îndoială, creştinii încă luau parte cu evlavie la sinagogă şi tocmai contra acestora plănuia Saul să acţioneze.

Pe calea credinţei. [ ,,Ai acestei cai”, KJV; ,,In calea Domnului”, Nitz]. Adică ,,unii care aparţineau căii”. Cuvântul ,,cale” apare ca un sinonim timpuriu al creştinismului (conform cap. 19,9.23; 22,4; 24,14.22). Compară folosirea de către Luca a ,,numelui” (cap. 5,41, RSV), ,,cuvântului” (cap. 4,4; 8,4; 14,25), ,,calea mântuirii” (cap. 16,17) şi ,,calea Domnului” (cap. 18,25). Termenul poate să-şi fi avut obârşia în declaraţia lui Hristos că El este ,,calea” (Ioan 14,6), sau în referirea Lui, la ,,calea” cea strâmtă. (Matei 7,14)

Atât bărbaţi, cât şi femei. Includerea femeilor printre victimele în perspectivă accentuează furia de care era stăpânit Saul împotriva creştinilor (conform cap. 22,4)-

Legaţi la Ierusalim. Misiunea lui Saul lasă să se înţeleagă că vina creştinilor depăşea jurisdicţia tribunalelor locale (vezi Matei 10,17) şi ei trebuia să fie deferiţi Sinedriului (vol V, p. 67) din Ierusalim. Atât de mare era puterea preoţească (vezi mai sus la ,,scrisori”) încât autorităţilor iudaice le era îngăduit să aresteze pe cei pe care doreau, chiar şi pe teritoriu străin.


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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here. Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.

Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.

1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.

2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.

3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.

4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).

5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.

6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.

7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.

8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.


How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones

It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.

A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).

The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version. Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain the software to be installed on your mobile phone.

I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing, to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.

There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor) files. These JAD files has to be uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).

There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid

Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of the software.


1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
 

If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is enough to access https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/  from the browser of the mobile phone, and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more). After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile phone.

Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.

2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.

If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared port of the computer (preferable laptop).

c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g. on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have larger fonts, full screen display etc.

3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check if exists).

4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:

a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next, you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the JAR desired file.

5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to download and run Java applications.


Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific models.

Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).

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Source: Text from read this link, compiled by biblephone2008@gmail.com





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