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Electronic Books / Adventist / Romanian_non-diacritics / Comentarii Biblice / Web / Psalmi

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Psalmi, 42


42:1 Cum doreste un cerb izvoarele de apa, asa Te doreste sufletul meu pe Tine, Dumnezeule!

INTRODUCERE - Psalmul 42 este o plangere patetica a lui David, "un fugar haituit, care isi gasea adapost in stancile si in pesterile pustiei" (Ed 164), alungat din casa lui Dumnezeu, unde isi gasise bucuria prin participarea la serviciile sfinte. Forma psalmului este perfecta, constand din doua parti de aceeasi lungime, fiecare urmata de refrenul aflat mai intai in v. 5 si apoi in v. 11 (si apoi a treia oara in Psalm 43,5).

Aceia care considera Psalmii 42 si 43 un tot unitar prezinta urmatoarele motive: diferite manuscrise ebraice ii unesc intr-un singur psalm (refrenul care apare de doua ori in Psalmul 42 revine si la sfarsitul Psalmului 43); Psalmul 43 este singurul psalm din Cartea a doua fara de preambul; sentimentele din Psalm 42,4 si 43,3 sunt asemanatoare. Totusi, daca "muntele sfant" (Psalm 43,3) se refera la Ierusalim, atunci Psalmul 43 n-a putut sa fi scris pe cand David era alungat de Saul.

Cu privire la preambul, vezi p. 617, 627.

1. Cerb. Ebr. 'ayyal, "cerb", probabil scris 'ayyalah, "cerboaica", pentru a fi in acord cu verbul

"doreste" care in ebraica este la feminin. Versetele 1 la 6 constituie prima strofa a elegiei. Doreste. Ebr. 'arag, "a tanji". 'Arag apare numai aici si in Ioel 1,20, unde este tradus "se indreapta doritoare" ["striga", KJV], dar unde probabil ar trebui sa aiba acelasi inteles ca si aici. Sufletul meu. Sau "eu" (vezi la Psalm 16,10).

42:2 Sufletul meu inseteaza dupa Dumnezeu, dupa Dumnezeul cel viu; cand ma voi duce si ma voi arata inaintea lui Dumnezeu?

Inseteaza. Figura de stil este amplificata aici prin observatia ca vremea in tinuturile in care David era fugar devenea deosebit de caniculara in timpul verii, apa fiind adesea foarte rara. Animalele salbatice il impiedicau deseori pe cerbul timid sa se apropie de putinele surse disponibile de apa.

Dumnezeul cel viu. Nevoia intensa a psalmistului de Dumnezeu este accentuata in psalmul acesta si in cel urmator prin apeluri catre Dumnezeu deosebit de alese (vezi v. 8.9; 43,2.4).

Ma voi arata inaintea lui Dumnezeu. Vezi Exod 23,17; Psalm 84,7 pentru folosirea acestei expresii cu referire la peregrinajele la sanctuar. Ideea de a fi in prezenta lui Dumnezeu este proeminenta in psalmul acesta (vezi Psalm 43,5; Exod 34,24; Deuteronom 16,16; 31,11). Sanctuarul era privit ca un loc special, unde oamenii se intalneau cu Dumnezeu.

42:3 Cu lacrimi ma hranesc zi si noapte, cand mi se zice fara incetare: Unde este Dumnezeul tau?

Lacrimi. Vezi Psalm 80,5.

Ma hranesc. [Au fost hrana mea, KJV]. Ebr. lechem, "paine". E interesant de notat ca acolo unde psalmistul vorbeste de lacrimi ca fiind hrana sa, poetul ugarit (vezi p. 618, 619) vorbeste despre a bea "lacrimile ca vinul".

Se zice. Vrajmasii lui David isi bateau joc de el cat se poate de josnic, dand de inteles ca Dumnezeul in care se incredea David nu Se ingrijea nici in cea mai mica masura de binele lui.

42:4 Mi-aduc aminte, si-mi vars tot focul inimii in mine, cand ma gandesc cum mergeam inconjurat de multime, si cum inaintam in fruntea ei spre Casa lui Dumnezeu, in mijlocul strigatelor de bucurie si multumire ale unei multimi in sarbatoare.

Mi-aduc aminte. In exilul sau, David isi aduce aminte de ocaziile cand se inchina in Casa lui Dumnezeu impreuna cu adunarea care se bucura in prezenta Lui. Asemenea amintire facea si mai greu de purtat povara celui nenorocit. "Culmea intristarii e rememorarea unor lucruri mai fericite." (Tennyson). Pe de alta parte, rememorarea purtarilor de grija ale lui Dumnezeu ar putea sa dea celui suferind o indoita putere.

42:5 Pentru ce te mahnesti, suflete, si gemi inauntrul meu? Nadajduieste in Dumnezeu, caci iarasi Il voi lauda; El este mantuirea mea si Dumnezeul meu.

Pentru ce? Versetul 5 constituie refrenul poemului (repetat cu usoare modificari in v. 11; Psalm 93,5). Avand in vedere amintirile atat de placute, David se mustra singur pentru faptul ca e descurajat.

Te mahnesti. Literal, "incovoiat".

Suflete. Psalmistul se adreseaza lui insusi.

Gemi. Ebr. hamah, care cuprinde in sine ideea de a mormai ca un animal, de a vui ca valurile (vezi Psalm 46,3) sau de a suiera ca vantul.

Nadajduieste. Vezi Psalm 25,3; 27,14; Plangeri 3,24. Noi cautam mangaiere in noi insine, cand unica noastra nadejde e la Dumnezeu.

Iarasi. La vremea potrivita pentru Dumnezeu, totul va fi bine, daca staruim sa ne incredem.

El este mantuirea mea. [Pentru ajutorul fetei Sale, KJV]. Literal "mantuirea fetei Sale" (vezi Psalm 13,1). Izbavirile lui Dumnezeu sunt multiple. Se spune ca atunci cand era pe pragul deznadejdii, Luther a pus lui Melanchton intrebarea din versetul acesta apoi i-a zis: "Philipp, vino sa cantam Psalmul 46".

42:6 Imi este mahnit sufletul in mine, Dumnezeule; de aceea la Tine ma gandesc, din tara Iordanului, din Hermon, si din muntele Mitear.

Dumnezeule. Versetele de la 6 la 11 constituie strofa a doua a elegiei. Poetul reia expresiile de deznadejde, dar intr-un fel oarecum mai linistit. Imi este mahnit sufletul. O recunoastere sincera a profunzimii descurajarii psalmistului (vezi refrenul din v. 5.11; Psalm 43,5). La Tine ma gandesc. Chiar si in exil, David fagaduieste sa-Si aminteasca de Dumnezeu. Aici se afla forta lui. Hermon. Literal "Hermoni", insemnand poate sirul de munti dintre care cel mai inalt este muntele Hermon, cu o inaltime de 2814 m deasupra nivelului marii. Muntele Mitear. Care inseamna literal "putin", "cativa". Identitatea varfului nu este cunoscuta. Muntele era probabil unul din varfurile sirului Hermon, de unde porneau apele Iordanului.

42:7 Un val cheama un alt val, la vuietul caderii apelor Tale; toate talazurile si valurile Tale trec peste mine.

Un val cheama un alt val. psalmistul Pare sa fie in acea parte a tarii unde caderile de apa din zapezile care se topeau pe Hermon reverberau iarasi si iarasi peste dealuri si vai. Vuietul caderii apelor. LXX, katarrakt, din care provine cuvantul "cataracta". Poate ca psalmistul se refera la apele repezi ale Iordanului, indeosebi in perioada inundatiilor.

Talazurile. Probabil o continuare a imaginii cascadelor si din torentelpr zgomotoase ale Iordanului superior in perioada inundatiilor. Talazurile care se sfarama si valurile care se rostogolesc reprezinta necazurile sufletesti ale psalmistului, indeosebi in perspectiva alungarii lui din casa lui Dumnezeu. David se coboara pe moment in dezamagire si descurajare, asemenea un om care se ineaca (vezi Psalm 88,7), dar se ridica imediat in credinta si incredere ca Dumnezeu va face toate lucrurile bune.

42:8 Ziua, Domnul imi dadea indurarea Lui, iar noaptea, cantam laudele Lui, si inaltam o rugaciune Dumnezeului vietii mele.

Domnul imi dadea. [Domnul va porunci, KJV]. In mijlocul descurajarii lui apropiate, David vede o raza de lumina. Dumnezeu va porunci dragostea Lui sa devina lucratoare. Dupa cum Dumnezeu stapaneste puternicele torente ale naturii, tot asa El va stapani apele necazului si il va ajuta pe servul Sau sa le treaca in siguranta.

Indurarea. Ebr. chesed, care poate fi tradusa "dragoste dumnezeiasca" (vezi Nota suplimentara la Psalm 36). Noaptea, cantam. Vezi Iov 35,10; Psalm 32,7; 63,6; Fapte 16,25.

42:9 De aceea, zic lui Dumnezeu, Stanca mea: Pentru ce ma uiti? Pentru ce trebuie sa umblu plin de intristare, sub apasarea vrajmasului?

Zic. Avand in vedere speranta sa in bunatatea Domnului, psalmistul se hotaraste sa ceara in continuare lui Dumnezeu sa explice motivul suferintei sale.

Dumnezeu, Stanca mea. Compara cu Psalm 18,2.

Pentru ce? Compara cu Psalm 22,1.

42:10 Parca mi se sfarama oasele cu sabia cand ma batjocoresc vrajmasii mei, si-mi zic neincetat: Unde este Dumnezeul tau?

Sabia. Sensul cuvantului ebraic tradus astfel nu e clar. El deriva dintr-un cuvant care inseamna "a omori", "a ucide". Mai apare doar in Ezechiel 21,22, unde este tradus "macel". LXX reda propozitia de inceput a Psalm 42,10 astfel: "in timp ce oasele imi sunt zdrobite, prigonitorii mei ma ocarasc".

Zic. Vezi v. 3; cf. Ioel 2,17; Mica 7,10.

42:11 Pentru ce te mahnesti, suflete, si gemi inauntrul meu? Nadajduieste in Dumnezeu, caci iarasi Il voi lauda; El este mantuirea mea si Dumnezeul meu.

Pentru ce te mahnesti? A doua aparitie a refrenului. In cazul acesta apar schimbari nesemnificative de forma, refrenul fiind amplificat prin cuvintele "si Dumnezeul meu" [in KJV]. Noteaza schimbarea [in KJV] "fata lui" (v.5) cu "fata mea si Dumnezeul meu" din acest verset. In v. 5 David se adresa sufletului sau, aici pare ca el Il considera pe Dumnezeu ca fiind in totul al sau (vezi Psalm 43,5).

COMENTARIILE LUI ELLEN G. WHITE 1�



COL 270; GW 257; 1T 159, 161; 4T 534

2.4 �

4T 535

7�

AA 572; 2T 97

11�

Ed 164; MH 255; SC 69; 2T 319; 5T 315; 6T 480

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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here. Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.

Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.

1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.

2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.

3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.

4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).

5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.

6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.

7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.

8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.


How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones

It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.

A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).

The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version. Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain the software to be installed on your mobile phone.

I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing, to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.

There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor) files. These JAD files has to be uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).

There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid

Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of the software.


1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
 

If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is enough to access https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/  from the browser of the mobile phone, and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more). After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile phone.

Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.

2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.

If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared port of the computer (preferable laptop).

c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g. on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have larger fonts, full screen display etc.

3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check if exists).

4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:

a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next, you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the JAR desired file.

5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to download and run Java applications.


Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific models.

Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).

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