Printable ModePsalmi, 23
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23:1 Domnul este Pastorul meu: nu voi duce lipsa de nimic. INTRODUCERE - Probabil cel mai cunoscut si cel mai mult iubit dintre toti psalmii este Psalmul 23, cunoscut pretutindeni sub numele Psalmul Pastorului. El este si delectarea copilului si mangaierea varstnicului. I-au dat diferite nume, precum: Perla psalmilor, Psalmul privighetorii, Cantarea pastorului despre Pastorul sau etc. Augustin nota ca psalmul acesta era imnul martirilor. Cu siguranta ca s-au scris mai multe carti si articole despre psalmul acesta si s-au compus mai multe poeme si imnuri pe baza acestui psalm decat pe a oricarui altuia dintre psalmi. El are un mesaj pentru oamenii de orice varsta. Dar el este mai mult decat Psalmul Pastorului. El zugraveste nu doar tabloul unui Pastor duios, care conduce turma la odihna si o duce in "pasuni verzi", "la ape de odihna", ocrotind-o de primejdiile pustiului, dar si tabloul unei Gazde pline de bunatate, care ofera abundenta de hrana si grija atenta oaspetelui Sau. Psalmul se incheie cu o marturisirea deplinei increderi in Iehova, care va conduce pe copilul Lui iubitor prin viata aceasta si care il va primi ca oaspete al Lui pana la sfarsitul zilelor sale. Poemul se imparte in trei strofe. Primele doua (v. 1-3 si v. 4) prezinta ideea calauzirii si ocrotirii iubitoare; a treia (v. 5.6) prezinta ideea ospitalitatii. Psalmul 23 nu are nici o umbra de nationalism. El este universal prin apelul lui. Cu siguranta ca experientele lui David ca pastor prin locurile aspre ale dealurilor Iudeii si, mai tarziu, ca Gazda imparateasca in belsugul curtii orientale din orasul-capitala, l-au calificat sa scrie acest psalm, cea mai placuta dintre poeziile lirice sacre. Cu privire la preambul, vezi Ed 164; DA 476, 477; PP 413. 1. Pastorul meu. Imaginea care prezinta pe Iehova ca pastor si pe poporul Lui ca oi este obisnuita in Scripturi. Cea mai timpurie aparitie a acestei imagini este Genesa 48,15, unde "Dumnezeu cel ce ma pascu" [trd. Nitulescu] este de fapt "pastorul" lui Israel (vezi Genesa 49,24). Imaginea aceasta mai apare in Psalmi (78,52; 80,1; 119,176), in profeti (Isaia 40,11; Ezechiel 34; Mica 7,14) si in Noul Testament (Luca 15,3-7; Ioan 10,1-18; 21,15-17; Evrei 13,20; 1 Petru 2,25; 5,4). Pentru a intelege si aprecia frumusetea si semnificatia imaginilor plastice, trebuie sa cunoastem natura primejdioasa a pustietatii iudaice si viata intima a pastorului si a oilor lui, si in special a relatiei apropiate care se naste intre ei in timpul nesfarsitelor ore de singuratate pe care le petrec impreuna. Nu voi duce lipsa de nimic. O declaratie de incredere absoluta in Dumnezeu. Expresia aceasta este nota dominanta a psalmului. 23:2 El ma paste in pasuni verzi, si ma duce la ape de odihna; Pasuni verzi. Literal, "pasuni cu iarba frageda, proaspata". Ape de odihna. [Ape linistite, KJV]. Literal, "ape ale locurilor de odihna", adica, locuri de odihna cu apa, ca langa un rau, parau, izvor sau lac. Ce tablou minunat al harului lui Dumnezeu e zugravit aici (vezi PP 413)! Bunul Pastor Isi conduce oile "la ape de odihna" numai pentru a le pregati mai bine pentru eforturile obositoare necesare parcurgerii drumului care le sta in fata. Dumnezeu acorda ceasuri de improspatare a fortelor pentru a-i face pe oameni in stare sa tina piept mai bine bataliile grele ale nenumaratelor ocupatii ale zilei. 23:3 imi invioreaza sufletul, si ma povatuieste pe carari drepte, din pricina Numelui Sau. Invioreaza. Ebr. shub (vezi la Psalm 19,7). Sufletul. Ebr. nephesh (vezi la Psalm 3,2; 16,10). Carari drepte. [Carari ale dreptatii, KJV]. Cei familiarizati cu terenul accidentat al Iudeii, stiu cat de usor e sa irosesti timp si sa ai parte de intamplari nefericite cand traversezi tinuturile muntoase, cu vai adanci, daca nu gasesti poteca cea buna. Daca Ii ingaduim, Dumnezeu ne calauzeste totdeauna pe calea cea dreapta, cu toate ca la un moment nu ni se pare usoara. Din pricina Numelui Sau. Calauzirea lui Dumnezeu este o descoperire a caracterului Sau in fata oamenilor (vezi la Exod 33,19; vezi la Psalm 31,3). 23:4 Chiar daca ar fi sa umblu prin valea umbrei mortii, nu ma tem de nici un rau, caci Tu esti cu mine. Toiagul si nuiaua Ta ma mangaie. Valea umbrei mortii. Ebr. salmaweth, prin etimologie populara de la sel, "umbra", si maweth, "moarte". Ambele cuvinte sunt foarte obisnuite in Vechiul Testament, sel fiind gasit de 49 de ori, de 45 de ori tradus "umbra", si maweth aparand de 157 de ori, de 128 de ori tradus "moarte". Unii cercetatori moderni deriva salmaweth din radacina acadiana salamu, care inseamna "a se innegri" si de aceea traduc salmaweth "intuneric". Derivarea traditionala are spijinul LXX. Ugaritica (vezi p. 618, 619) nu ofera nici o lumina asupra expresiei salmaweth. In literatura existenta a acelei limbi cuvantul apare numai o singura data intr-un paragraf obscur. Bunyan a facut expresia "umbra mortii", in mod special apreciata de cititorii marii sale alegorii, "Calatoria crestinului". Tu esti cu mine. Lucrul acesta e indestulator. Crestinul nu are nevoie de nimic altceva. "Numai Tu, numai Tu, Tu sa-mi fii al vietii vis". Toiagul. Ebr. shebet, folosit pentru toiagul unui pastor (Levitic 27,32), nuiaua unui invatator (2 Samuel 7,14; Proverbe 13,24) si sceptrul unui carmuitor (Genesa 49,10; Isaia 14,5). El a fost uneori folosit ca arma (2 Samuel 23,21) si o astfel de functie este probabil urmarita in Psalm 23,4, toiagul fiind folosit ca o arma de aparare impotriva fiarelor salbatice care bantuiau pasunile. Nuiaua. [Carja, KJV]. Ebr. mish'eneth, "un baston", "o carja", ca de pilda pentru bolnav sau batran ca sa se sprijine pe el (Exod 21,19; Zaharia 8,4). Ma mangaie. [Ele ma mangaie, KJV]. "Ele" este accentuat, ca si cum s-ar zice: "Ele sunt cele care ma mangaie". Toiagul si nuiaua sunt semne ale prezentei pastorului si il arata pe pastor gata sa ajute in orice clipa. Pastorul Se ingrijeste de odihna, inviorare, hrana, refacere, comunicare, calauzire, eliberare de frica, mangaiere, siguranta, biruinta asupra dusmanilor. Ce poate cere mai mult un crestin? Totusi, psalmistul cauta sa accentueze aceste dovezi ale bunatatii lui Iehova si adauga la ele, prin folosirea unei alte imagini, pe aceea a unei Gazde pline de bunatate. 23:5 Tu imi intinzi masa in fata potrivnicilor mei; imi ungi capul cu untdelemn, si paharul meu este plin de da peste el. Imi intinzi masa. David se prezinta acum ca pe un oaspete in sala de ospat a lui Dumnezeu. Iehova e mai mult decat un Pastor. El este un Imparat, care imparte cu imbelsugare oaspetilor sai bunatatile de la masa Sa. Compara cu parabola nuntii fiului de imparat (Matei 22,1-14). Expresia "imi intinzi masa" este idiomatica pentru pregatirea unei mese (vezi Proverbe 9,2). Potrivnicilor mei. Intrucat Dumnezeu este Gazda, uneltirile impotrivitorilor de a face rau trebuie sa esueze. Paharul meu este plin de da peste el. Compara cu Efeseni 3,20. David gandeste aici in primul rand, daca nu chiar intru totul, la paharul de bucurie al Domnului. Dumnezeu revarsa in mod neprecupetit din indurarile Sale, suficient si chiar pe deasupra. Intr-un sens secundar, imaginea poate sugera binecuvantarile prosperitatii materiale. David se bucurase de asemenea binecuvantari. El intelesese totodata, in urma unor experiente grele, ca prosperitatea este periculoasa pentru viata spirituala. "Paharul cel mai greu de dus este... paharul plin pana sus" (MH 212). Mai greu decat atat, daca ar fi cu putinta, e sa duci paharul care "da peste el". 23:6 Da, fericirea si indurarea ma vor insoti in toate zilele vietii mele, si voi locui in Casa Domnului pana la sfarsitul zilelor mele. Indurarea. Binecuvantarile materiale si spirituale sunt personificate ca insotindu-l pe David in tot cursul vietii lui. Limbajul folosit de el prezinta increderea deplina in calauzirea lui Dumnezeu printre vicisitudinile vietii prezente si anticipeaza cu bucurie calauzirea pe viitor. Casa Domnului. Ramanerea psalmistului ca oaspete in Casa lui Dumnezeu e asigurata (Psalm 15,1; cf. Psalm 27,4; 65,4; 84,4). Pana la sfarsitul zilelor mele. [Pururea, KJV]. Literal, "cat vor fi zilele de lungi", sugerand ideea de cat va trai. Dar copilul credincios al lui Dumnezeu priveste dincolo de comuniunea lui cu Dumnezeu in viata aceasta la comuniunea vesnica din imparatia Sa. Psalmul se incheie cu o stare sufleteasca de bucurie netarmurita. COMENTARIILE LUI ELLEN G. WHITE 1 � � DA 476; LS 39; 1 T 31; 8T 10, 39 1-4 � Ed 164 2 � PP 413 2.3 � ML 206 4 � MH 268; 7T 87 5 � LS 171 6 � CS 18; 4T 328; 6T 367 |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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