Printable ModeFaptele Apostolilor 8:1
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8:1 Saul se invoise la uciderea lui Stefan. In ziua aceea, s-a pornit o mare prigonire impotriva Bisericii din Ierusalim. Si toti, afara de apostoli, s-au imprastiat prin partile Iudeii si ale Samariei. Saul se invoise. [,,Saul consimtea”, KJV; ,,Saul incuviinta”, Nitz]. Multi autori pun propozitia aceasta la sfarsitul cap. 7 pentru a lega relatarea martirajului lui Stefan cu o relatare a atitudinii lui Saul fata de el. Saul era de acord cu ceea ce se facuse, desi personal nu luase parte la uciderea cu pietre. Fara indoiala, marturia neinfricata a lui Stefan a tulburat mintea si sufletul lui Saul mai profund decat si-a dat el seama. Aceasta a avut ca rezultat un conflict launtric intre propriul sau fanatism fariseic si convingerea cu privire la dreptatea cauzei lui Stefan. Consecinta acestui conflict a fost o sporita indarjire impotriva crestinilor si o persecutare si mai mare (AA 101,102,112,113). La data aceea, a fost rasplatit pentru partea pe care o luase la martirizare, fiind facut membru al Sinedriului (AA 102; vezi 1 Cor. 7,7). Mai tarziu a marturisit cu inima zdrobita partea pe care o indeplinise la uciderea lui Stefan (cf. Fapte 22,20). In ziua aceea. [,,La data aceea”, KJV; ,,In acea zi”, Nitz]. Literal, ,,in ziua aceea”. Uciderea lui Stefan cu pietre a marcat inceputul unei persecutii organizate impotriva bisericii. Dupa ce mersese atat de departe incat sa ucida pe Stefan, conducerea iudaica si-a indreptat furia impotriva tuturor crestinilor. O mare prigonire. Inca o data biserica e persecutata de autoritatile iudaice, asa cum fusese persecutata pe scara mai mica dupa vindecarea ologului (cap. 4,1-7) si dupa moartea lui Anania si Safira (cap. 5,17.18). Persecutia aceasta este denumita ,,mare” – mare in extindere si severitate. Vezi harta de la pag. 214. Reiese din descrierea aceasta, din v. 3 si din descrierile ulterioare ale lui Pavel (cf. cap. 22,4; 26,10.11) ca persecutia cuprindea in sine multa suferinta si intemnitare. Bisericii. Adica, a bisericii locale, care se dezvoltase in capitala dupa Ziua Cincizecimii (vezi Matei 18,17). Lucrul acesta sugereaza mai bine ca erau si alte ramuri ale bisericii in afara de Ierusalim, lucru care arata o crestere incurajatoare. Afara de apostoli. Trei motive posibile au fost prezentate pentru ramanerea apostolilor: 1) Cei doisprezece intelesesera de la Domnul si Invatatorul lor ca ,,cel tocmit fuge, pentru ca este tocmit” (Ioan 10,13) dar ei au refuzat sa-si paraseasca raspunderile. 2) Cei doisprezece au dorit sa ramana in Ierusalim in ciuda oricarei persecutii, deoarece cetatea era privita ca sediul crestinilor si refugiatii s-ar fi adresat acolo pentru calauzire si ajutor. 3) Persecutiile erau, pe cat se pare, indreptate impotriva acelora care, ca si Stefan, sustineau natura trecatoare a obiceiurilor (vezi Fapte 6,14) pe care fariseii le considerau esentiale si netrecatoare. Apostolii pare ca au continuat sa fie inchinatori la Templu, pastrandu-se in curatie rituala (cap. 10,14) si se tineau departe de comuniunea cu neamurile (v. 28). Marea masa a poporului de rand probabil privea la ei cu o considerabila favoare si respect. De aceea se poate ca persecutia sa fi fost indreptata mai ales impotriva ucenicilor elenisti. Era lucru sigur ca aceasta categorie de persoane era cea mai activa in a face pasul urmator in expansiunea bisericii. Nu se poate lua o decizie dogmatica in favoarea vreunuia din aceste trei motive oferite de comentatori si de istorici bisericesti. S-au imprastiat. Gr. diaspeiro, ,,a imprastia ca cerealele”, ,,a dispersa”. In felul acesta furia vrajmasilor a izbutit numai in a face biserica sa implineasca ceea ce prezisese Hristos (cap. 18). ,,Toti” nu e nevoie de a include totalitatea membrilor (vezi cap. 1,1), ci numai pe cei mai fricosi sau care puteau fi mai usor identificati de persecutori sau care se remarcasera ca fiind foarte activi. In rest, atat barbati cat si femei, continuau sa locuiasca in cetate (vezi cap. 8,3). Partile Iudeii si ale Samariei. Cetati si orase ca Herbronul, Gaza, Lydda si Iope se poate sa fi devenit cetati de refugiu pentru crestini. Acestui influx de crestini si lucrarii lui Filip (vezi v. 40) se poate atribui existenta timpurie a unor comunitati crestine in unele din locurile acestea (cf. cap. 9,32.36). Unii au fugit in Samaria, fara indoiala din cauza urii acelei populatii fata de iudei – o persoana care fugea de preotii si conducatorii din Ierusalim ar fi fost bine primita acolo. A doua regiune mentionata in cap. 1,8 era atinsa. Acesta poate sa fi servit ca un prim pas pentru a dobori antipatia fata de samariteni si cu timpul frati cu greci. |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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