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Electronic Books / Adventist / Romanian_non-diacritics / Comentarii Biblice / Web / 2 Cronici

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2 Cronici, 14


14:1 Abia a adormit cu parintii lui, si a fost ingropat in cetatea lui David. Si, in locul lui, a domnit fiul sau Asa. Pe vremea lui, tara a avut odihna zece ani.

Odihna zece ani. Compara cu v. 6. Amanuntul acesta nu este mentionat in Regi, unde raportul afirma simplu ca intre "Asa si Baesa, imparatul lui Israel, a fost razboi in tot timpul vietii lor" (1 Regi 15,16). Afirmatia nu vrea sa spuna ca au fost ostilitati fatise intre Israel si Iuda in cursul lungii domnii de 41 de ani a lui Asa (2 Cronici 16,13; cf. 1 Regi 15,10; despre socotirea domniei, vezi vol. II, p. 137), ci ca nu exista o pace reala intre cele doua natiuni.



14:2 Asa a facut ce este bine si placut inaintea Domnului, Dumnezeului sau.

Ce este bine. Raportul paralel adauga "ca tatal sau David" (1 Regi 15,11).



14:3 A indepartat altarele dumnezeilor straini si inaltimile, a sfaramat stalpii idolesti si a taiat Astarteele.

A indepartat altarele. Versetul acesta prezinta un tablou al teribilei idolatrii care a pus stapanire pe natiunea dupa domnia lui David. Raportul miscarii reformatoare a lui Asa din 1 Regi 15,12 incepe cu afirmatia ca "a scos din tara pe sodomiti", o descoperire a tristei stari in care ajunsese natiunea.

Inaltimile. Compara cu 2 Cronici 15,17 si 1 Regi 15,14. Inaltimile indepartate de Asa erau evident acelea inchinate cultului idolilor, deoarece sunt mentionate in legatura cu el. Totusi, Asa fie a permis mentinerea sanctuarele locale neautorizate dedicate inchinarii lui Iehova, fie, in cazul in care campania lui a fost indreptata impotriva tuturor inaltimilor, aceasta nu a avut un succes deplin, deoarece "inaltimile n-au fost indepartate" (vezi la 2 Cronici 15,17; 1 Regi 15,14).

Stalpii idolesti. [Chipurile, KJV]. Ebr. masseboth, literal "stalpi". Acestia erau pietre sacre, obisnuite in Palestina acelor zile, si faceau parte din formele corupte de religie originare din Palestina. Moise poruncise distrugerea acestor masseboth (vezi la Deuteronom 12,3; 16,22). Unii considera ca acesti "stalpi" erau embleme falice.

Astarteele. [Dumbravile, KJV]. Ebr. 'asherim, stalpi de lemn sau copaci sfinti, embleme ale zeitei canaanite a fertilitatii (vezi la Judecatori 3,7). Aceste 'asherim sunt deseori mentionate in legatura cu cultul lui Baal (Judecatori 6,25.28). Moise a interzis asezarea unui "stalp idolesc" [dumbravi, KJV] aproape de un altar pentru Domnul si a poruncit ca astfel de simboluri idolatre sa fie distruse (vezi la Deuteronom 7,5; 16,21).

Inaltimile. Vezi la v. 3.

Stalpii. [Chipurile, KJV]. Ebr. chammanim, un termen diferit de acela tradus "chipuri" (KJV) in

v. 3. Chammanim poate proveni din radacina chamam, "a fi cald". De aceea cuvantul a fost aplicat de unii stalpilor dedicati soarelui, totusi parerea raspandita acum pare sa fie aceea de a traduce chammanim cu "altare pentru tamaie". Chammanim apare si in Levitic 26,30 si Isaia 27,9.



14:4 A poruncit lui Iuda sa caute pe Domnul, Dumnezeul parintilor sai, si sa implineasca legea si poruncile.

Verset ce nu a fost comentat.

14:5 A indepartat din toate cetatile lui Iuda inaltimile si stalpii inchinati soarelui. Si imparatia a avut pace sub el.

Verset ce nu a fost comentat.

14:6 A zidit cetati intarite in Iuda; caci tara a fost linistita, si impotriva lui n-a fost razboi in anii aceia, pentru ca Domnul i-a dat odihna.

A zidit cetati intarite. Compara cu cap. 11,5-12.



14:7 El a zis lui Iuda: Sa zidim aceste cetati, si sa le inconjuram cu ziduri, cu turnuri, cu porti si cu zavoare; tara este inca a noastra, caci am cautat pe Domnul, Dumnezeul nostru. L-am cautat, si El ne-a dat odihna din toate partile. Au zidit dar, si au izbutit.

Sa zidim aceste cetati. Se face referire la un sistem general de aparare, atat in sud impotriva Egiptului, cat si in nord impotriva lui Israel. Asa a facut tot ce i-a stat in putinta pentru a-si intari regatul si a se pregati impotriva pericolelor care aveau sa apara cu siguranta, asa incat poporul sau sa nu sufere din cauza agresiunilor vecinilor ostili.



14:8 Asa avea o ostire de trei sute de mii de oameni din Iuda, care purtau scut si sulita, si doua sute optzeci de mii din Beniamin, care purtau scut si trageau cu arcul, toti oameni viteji.

Scut [Pavaza, KJV]. Scuturi mari (vezi la 2 Cronici 9,15; 1 Regi 10,16).

Trei sute de mii. Compara cu cap. 13,3. Probabil ca nu aceasta era marimea armatei permanente a lui Asa, ci doar numarul barbatilor din popor in stare sa poarte arma, care sa fie disponibili in caz de urgenta.



14:9 Zerah, Etiopianul, a iesit impotriva lor cu o ostire de un milion de oameni si trei sute de care, si a inaintat pana la Maresa.

Zerah, Etiopianul. Pana acum n-am putut sa-l identificam pe Zerah din rapoarte contemporane. Intrucat erau cusiti in vestul Arabiei si in estul Africii pe malurile Marii Rosii (vezi Genesa 10,6), Zerah s-ar fi putut sa fie din regiunea aceea. Se poate sa fi avut in armata sa trupe auxiliare libiene din Egipt, unde domnea o dinastie libiana. Asa facuse tot ce putuse pentru a intari apararea nationala si pentru a instrui armata (2 Cronici 14,6-8). Astfel ca atunci cand Zerah a lovit, Iuda era pregatit.

Un milion. [O mie de mii, KJV]. Unii considera ca numarul acesta simetric (in engl., n. tr.) exprima ideea unei ostiri foarte mari, tot astfel cum astazi vorbim despre "miriade" fara intentia de a sugera ideea de exact sau chiar aproximativ "zece mii", sensul literal al termenului. Aceia care sustin parerea aceasta spun ca un milion de oameni ar fi total exagerat. Oricum ar fi, fortele lui Zerah erau evident o "multime" coplesitoare pentru Asa si ostirea lui. Vezi p. 122,123.

Maresa. Una dintre cetatile intarite pe care le zidise Roboam (cap. 11,8). Era asezata in campia lui Iuda, cam la 15 km sud-vest de Ierusalim.



14:10 Asa a mers inaintea lui, si s-au insiruit de bataie in valea Tefata, langa Maresa.

Valea Tefata. La nord-vest de Maresa este o oaza larga care se deschide in campia filisteana. Aceasta este probabil regiunea la care se face referire. Odata cu sosirea ostirilor lui Asa, Zerah s-a retras in partea mai larga a oazei, unde putea sa se foloseasca de carele sale.



14:11 Asa a chemat pe Domnul, Dumnezeul lui, si a zis: Doamne, numai Tu poti veni in ajutor celui slab ca si celui tare: vino in ajutorul nostru, Doamne Dumnezeul nostru! Caci pe Tine ne sprijinim, si in Numele Tau am venit impotriva acestei multimi. Doamne, Tu esti Dumnezeul nostru: sa nu iasa biruitor omul impotriva Ta!

A chemat pe Domnul. Asa pregatise cetati de aparare si avea o ostire mare si bine echipata. Dar el se bizuia nu doar pe arme sau oameni, ci si pe Dumnezeu. Cand a dat piept cu vrajmasul, a facut lucrul acesta in Numele Domnului si ca reprezentant al Lui.

Impotriva Ta. Infruntandu-l pe Zerah in Numele Domnului, Asa a realizat ca propria sa infrangere ar fi fost o infrangere pentru Domnul.



14:12 Domnul a lovit pe Etiopieni dinaintea lui Asa si dinaintea lui Iuda, si Etiopienii au luat-o la fuga.

Domnul a lovit. Domnul l-a facut in stare pe Asa sa castige o biruinta uimitoare. Iuda avea vrajmasi puternici, atat la nord, cat si la sud. Lasat singur, el ar fi cedat repede inaintea fortei superioare a ostirilor desfasurate impotriva lui. Dar, cu ajutorul lui Dumnezeu, a fost invincibil. Atacul lui Zerah a fost ultima amenintare serioasa cu care Iuda avea sa dea piept dinspre sud. De aici inainte, vrajmasii lui au fost din nord, intai Asiria sub Sanherib si apoi Babilonul sub Nebucadnetar, care a adus natiunea la dezastru.



14:13 Asa si poporul care era cu el i-a urmarit pana la Gherar, si Etiopienii au cazut fara sa-si poata scapa viata, caci au fost nimiciti de Domnul si de ostirea Lui. Asa si poporul lui au facut o prada mare;

Gherar. O cetate situata la aprox. 17,7 km sud de Gaza, pe drumul spre Egipt.

Ostirea Lui. Ostirea lui Asa. Poporul lui Dumnezeu era unealta din mainile Sale pentru a face lucrarea Lui.



14:14 au batut toate cetatile din imprejurimile Gherarului, caci groaza Domnului cazuse peste ele, si au jefuit toate cetatile, a caror prada era mare.

Au batut toate cetatile. Cetatile acestea din jurul Gherarului erau cetati filistene. Desigur ca ele il ajutasera pe Zerah.

Groaza Domnului. Cand Dumnezeu Isi manifesta puterea in favoarea poporului Sau, o frica supranaturala pune stapanire pe vrajmas, si nu mai exista curaj si forta de a rezista (vezi cap. 17,10).

14:15 Au lovit si corturile turmelor, si au luat cu ei o mare multime de oi si de camile. Apoi s-au intors la Ierusalim.

Camile. Gherarul era la hotarul desertului sudic dintre Palestina si Egipt, prin urmare locuitorii tinutului aceluia aveau multe camile (vezi 1 Samuel 27,9; 30,17).

COMENTARIILE LUI ELLEN G. WHITE

1-15 PK 110-112

2-9 �

PK 110

11-13 �

PK 111


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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here. Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.

Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.

1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.

2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.

3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.

4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).

5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.

6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.

7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.

8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.


How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones

It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.

A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).

The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version. Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain the software to be installed on your mobile phone.

I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing, to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.

There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor) files. These JAD files has to be uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).

There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid

Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of the software.


1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
 

If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is enough to access https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/  from the browser of the mobile phone, and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more). After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile phone.

Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.

2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.

If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared port of the computer (preferable laptop).

c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g. on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have larger fonts, full screen display etc.

3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check if exists).

4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:

a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next, you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the JAR desired file.

5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to download and run Java applications.


Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific models.

Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).

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Source: Text from read this link, compiled by biblephone2008@gmail.com





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