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Geneza 38:1


38:1 În vremea aceea, Iuda a părăsit pe fraţii săi, şi a tras la un om din Adulam, numit Hira.

În vremea aceea. Acest capitol redă originea celor trei familii conducătoare ale lui Iuda, viitoare seminţie princiară a lui Israel. El mai arată că fiii lui Iacov, uitând chemarea sacră a neamului lor, au fost în pericolul de a pieri în păcatele din Canaan. Dacă Dumnezeu nu ar fi intervenit în bunătatea lui de a realiza mutarea întregii case a lui Iacov în Egipt, poporul ales ar fi putut pieri din cauza influenţei corupătoare a obiceiurilor canaanite. Astfel, cap. 38 este o parte integrantă a istoriei primare a lui Israel.

Expresia ,,în vremea aceea” este luată de mulţi comentatori ca referindu-se la istoria vânzării lui Iosif, înregistrată în capitolul precedent. Totuşi, termenul este atât de general încât nu poate fi limitat la o întâmplare specială, mai probabil că el se referă la întreaga perioadă a istoriei lui Iacov în Palestina. Considerente cronologice aproape că fac necesară amplasarea acestei istorisiri pe vremea când Iosif era încă în casa tatălui său.

Fiind al patrulea fiu al lui Lea, Iuda cu siguranţă că nu era decât cu vreo trei ani şi ceva mai mare decât Iosif, fapt care ar face ca el să fie aproximativ de douăzeci de ani pe vremea când a fost vândut Iosif (compară cu cap. 41,46; 45,6), astfel că Iuda era de vreo 42 de ani când familia s-a mutat în Egipt. În acea vreme, nu numai că el îi avea pe cei trei fii amintiţi în cap. 38, dar era şi bunic, cum pare a lăsa să se înţeleagă şi cap. 46,12. Dacă acest lucru este corect, fiii săi Er, Onan şi Şela trebuie să se fi născut înainte de a fi vândut Iosif, deoarece ei înşişi ajunseseră deja vârsta căsătoriei, când au avut loc întâmplările privind pe Tamar, iar Pereţ, fiul Tamarei avea deja doi fii, când s-a mutat familia în Egipt. Observaţiile acestea ne obligă să tragem concluzia că unii dintre fiii lui Iacov trebuie să se fi căsătorit încă pe când erau foarte tineri. Iuda nu putea să aibă mai mult de 14 ani la naşterea lui Er, cel mai în vârstă fiu al lui, nici Er mai mult de 13 ani la căsătoria lui cu Tamar. Naşterea celor doi gemeni ai lui Iuda de către Tamar, nora lui, trebuie să fi avut într-un interval de doi ani după moartea lui Er. Pereţ nu putea să aibă mai mult de 14 ani, când s-a născut Eţron şi Hamul, după cât se pare tot gemeni, înainte de plecarea din Canaan. Astfel de căsătorii timpurii în nici un caz nu sunt neobişnuite în unele părţi ale orientului chiar şi astăzi. În cazul familiei lui Iacov ele pot să reprezinte influenţa canaanită. Cercetările arată că Iuda era un căsătorit şi tată la data vinderii lui Iosif şi că o parte din istorisirea cap. 38 avusese deja loc.

Om din Adulam. Adulam este aşezat aproximativ la 13 mile sud-vest de Betleem, într-un loc numit Tell esh-Sheikh Madh-kur, şi la aproximativ aceeaşi distanţă nord-vest de Hebron unde locuia pe acea vreme Iacov. Din motive necunoscute, Iuda a vizitat pe Adulam pe vremea când era încă tânăr. Poate că încă pe timpul când păştea turmele tatălui său prin părţile acelea, a făcut cunoştinţă întâmplător cu Adulam şi a rămas câtva timp la el. Că Iuda nu s-a despărţit pentru totdeauna de căminul lui părintesc reiese clar din faptul că el era cu fraţii lui când Iosif a fost vândut (cap. 37,26), precum şi din faptul că foametea i-a obligat să cumpere cereale din Egipt (cap. 43,3).


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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here. Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.

Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.

1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.

2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.

3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.

4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).

5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.

6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.

7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.

8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.


How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones

It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.

A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).

The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version. Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain the software to be installed on your mobile phone.

I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing, to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.

There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor) files. These JAD files has to be uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).

There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid

Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of the software.


1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
 

If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is enough to access https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/  from the browser of the mobile phone, and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more). After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile phone.

Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.

2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.

If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared port of the computer (preferable laptop).

c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g. on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have larger fonts, full screen display etc.

3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone

Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check if exists).

4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:

a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next, you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the JAR desired file.

5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to download and run Java applications.


Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific models.

Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).

Multilingual Online Ebooks

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Source: Text from read this link, compiled by biblephone2008@gmail.com





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