Printable ModeNaum, 2
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2:1 Nimicitorul porneste impotriva ta, Ninive; pazeste cetatuia! Ia seama la drum! Intareste-ti coapsele! Aduna-ti toata puterea! Nimicitorul. Din nou profetul se adreseaza poporului asirian (vezi comentariul la cap. 1,14), avertizandu-l de viitorul lui plin de necazuri. Contextul face evident (cap. 1,1; 2,1.8; 3,1 etc.) ca in cap. 2 se descrie caderea Ninivei. Porneste impotriva ta. Cand ostile asediatoare inconjoara cetatea, locuitorii ei vor vedea si vor simti clar primejdia in care se afla. Pazeste cetatuia. Pe un ton usor ironic profetul ii indeamna pe locuitorii din Ninive sa se pregateasca pentru asediul final al cetatii, chiar daca astfel de pregatiri vor fi in zadar. 2:2 Caci Domnul aseaza iarasi slava lui Iacov si o face iarasi ca slava de odinioara a lui Israel, pentru ca i-au jefuit jefuitorii si le-au stricat butucii de vie Aseaza iarasi. Ebr. shub, un cuvant care inseamna si ,,a readuce”, ,,a reintoarce”. Ambele idei par sa se incadreze in context. Slava lui Iacov poate fi privita fie ca fiind indepartata mai inainte de asirieni, sau ca acum fiind restaurata prin nimicirea asirienilor. Jefuitorilor. Asirienii au ucis si jefuit poporul ales al lui Dumnezeu, iar la randul lor vor fi ucisi si jefuiti de biruitorii lor. 2:3 Scuturile vitejilor sai sunt rosii, razboinicii sunt imbracati cu purpura; fulgera carele de focul otelului in ziua sorocita pregatirii de lupta, si sulitele se invartesc. Vitejilor. Probabil o referire la asediatorii Ninivei. Rosi. Poate ca scuturile erau vopsite astfel, sau imbracamintea lor de bronz si de arama le faceau sa apara rosii. S-ar putea ca sensul sa fie ca scuturile vor deveni ,,rosii” de sangele celor ucisi. Fulgera. Ebr. peladoth, un cuvant care apare in Vechiul Testament numai aici si cu un sens incert. Unii, dintr-o comparatie cu araba si persana, sugereaza intelesul de ,,otel”, expresia fiind astfel tradusa ,,cu focul otelului”. Totusi, derivarea este indoielnica. Printr-o modificare in ebraica, se poate obtine traducerea ,,Carele lucesc ca o flacara”. Dusmanul biruitor nu va cauta sa puna mana pe cetate prin viclesug, profetul zugraveste impresionant o scena de stralucire scanteietoare. Referirea ar putea fi la podoabele carelor, la armele ostasilor, la harnasamentul cailor, toate stralucind in soare si urmand sa dea infatisarea unor ,,fulgere” de foc. Pregatiri. Referirea este probabil la Dumnezeu, care este prezentat ca adunand armata pentru lupta (vezi Isaia 13,4; vezi comentariul la Isaia 13,6). Unii considera ca este vizat comandantul fortelor dusmane. Sulitele se invartesc. Ebr. beroshim, identificat ca ienuparul fenician, la fel cu chiparosul. O schimbare a unei singure consoane in ebraica (vezi Vol. I, p. 25, 26) da exprimarea ,,cai de calarie” ,,fugari”, ,,cai de razboi”. Schimbarea aceasta este sustinuta de LXX, care spune aici: ,,Caii vor fi aruncati in invalmaseala”. Ebr. ra?al ,,se invartesc”, poate fi redat ,,tremura”. Intr-o alta traducere gasim si varianta ,,caii de razboi sar in doua picioare”. 2:4 Duruiesc carele pe ulite, se napustesc unele peste altele in piete; parca sunt niste faclii la vedere, si alearga ca fulgerele Carele. Ebr. rekeb, vehicule cu doua roti de diferite tipuri, trase de cai. Carul era folosit in mod exclusiv pentru scopuri militare (vezi comentariul la Exod 14,9) si pentru ocazii statale (vezi comentariul la Geneza 41,43). Cu toate ca exista dovezi arheologice ca se foloseau carele si pentru a transporta slujbasi guvernamentali in misiuni statale, nu exista absolut nimic care sa indice ca ele erau folosite si pentru transport particular obisnuit. Duruiesc. Literal, ,,a se purta nebuneste”, de la o radacina ebraica insemnand ,,a fi lovit de luna”. Unele peste altele. Sau ,,Unele impotriva altora”. Aici este indicata forta coplesitoare a armatelor care ataca Ninive. Vehiculele de razboi se vor napusti ,,unele impotriva altora”. Intregul context al acestui capitol arata lamurit ca Naum zugraveste aici intr-un limbaj viu cucerirea Ninivei. Faclii. Ebr. lappidim, cuvantul obisnuit pentru torte sau lampi (Geneza 15,17; Judecatori 7,16 etc.; vezi comentariul la Naum 2,3). 2:5 El, imparatul Ninivei, cheama pe oamenii lui cei viteji, dar ei se poticnesc in mersul lor; alearga spre ziduri, si se gatesc de aparare Oamenii lui cei viteji. Literal, ,,puternicii lui”. Evident imparatul asirian le ordona comandantilor armatei sale sa apere zidurile cetatii. Intr-o graba confuza, sau intr-o stare de partiala trezie, ,,se poticnesc in mersul lor”. Apararea. Ebr. sokek, insemnand ,,o baricada”. 2:6 Portile de la rauri sunt deschise, si palatul se prabuseste! Portile. Aici fie o referire figurata la asalturile inamicului fie o referire la inundarea literala a cetatii. Totusi, amanuntele sunt putine. Unii sustin ca profetia si-a gasit implinirea in incidentul descris de catre istoricul grec Diodor (ii, 26, 27), care raporteaza ca Ninive a fost capturata datorita unei revarsari neobisnuite a Eufratului (Tigrului?), care a distrus o parte din zid si a deschis cetatea inaintea Mezilor si a Babilonienilor. Se prabuseste. Literal ,,Se topeste”. Probabil ,,se topeste” trebuie luat figurat, insemnand ca palatul va fi slabit, incapabil sa opuna vreo rezistenta substantiala inamicului. 2:7 S-a ispravit cu ea: este dezgolita, este luata; slujnicele ei se vaita ca niste turturele, si se bat in piept. S-a ispravit cu ea. Sau ,,Si Huzzab este dus prizonier”. Intelesul cuvantului transliterat ,,Huzzab” este incert. S-au propus diferite interpretari. Unii il traduc ca verb, ,,a decretat”. Altii il considera un substantiv, ,,doamna”. Altii, la randul lor, il considera un nume propriu, fie al unei regine asiriene, fie ca un nume personificand insasi cetatea Ninive. Genul feminin este indicat de verbul ebraic cu care el este asociat. Se vaita. Ebr. nahag. Cuvantul acesta inseamna ,,a se jeli”, sau ,,a se vaicari”. Turturele. Sau ,,Glasuri de porumbei”. Adica slujnicele se vor jeli ca niste porumbei (vezi Isaia 38,14; 59,11; Ezechiel 7,16). Se bat in piept. Literal, ,,batand ca in toba”, adica asa cum se bate intr-o tamburina sau toba de mana (vezi Vol. III, p. 30). Bataia pieptului descrie in mod expresiv o intristare adanca si amara (vezi Luca 18,13; 23,48). 2:8 Ninive era odinioara ca un iaz plin. de apa Dar iata-i ca fug! Stati! Stati! Opriti-va! Dar nici unul nu se intoarce Ninive. Ebraica v. 8 este obscura. 2:9 Jefuiti argintul! Jefuiti aurul! Acolo sunt comori nesfarsite, tot felul de bogatii de lucruri scumpe! Comori nesfarsite. Surse grecesti afirma ca ,,prazile” de ,,argint” si de ,,aur” luate de la Ninive au fost neobisnuit de mari in cantitate si valoare. Nu este surprinzator ca biruitorii sa fi gasit o prada atat de bogata in cetatea care ii ,,jefuise” atat de adesea pe altii (vezi 2Regi 15,19.20; 16,8.9.17.18; 17,3; 18,14-16; etc.). 2:10 Este jefuita, pustiita, si stoarsa de tot! Inima ii e mahnita, ii tremura genunchii, toate coapsele sufera, si toate fetele au ingalbenit. Jefuita, pustiita si stoarsa de tot. Ebr. buqah umebuqah umebullaqah, o puternica aliteratie care descrie deplina ruina a Ninivei (vezi comentariul la Amos 5,5). Inima ii este mahnita. Sau ,,I se topeste”. O exprimare care denota spaima si deznadejde (vezi Iosua 7,5; Isaia 13,7; Ezechiel 21,7). Ii tremura genunchii. Vezi Daniel 5,6. Au ingalbenit. Vezi comentariul la Ioel 2,6. 2:11 Unde este acum culcusul acela de lei, pasunea aceea pentru puii de lei, pe unde umbla leul, leoaica si puiul de leu, fara sa-i tulbure nimeni? Culcusul acela de lei. In v. 11 si 12, profetul foloseste imaginea unui leu pentru a descrie puterea Asiriei (vezi Ieremia 50,17; PK 265; vezi comentariul la Ieremia 4,7). El arata intr-un mod viu cum Ninive, prin cuceririle ei, aduna ,,destule” prazi pentru poporul ei. 2:12 Leul sfasia cat ii trebuia pentru puii sai, sugruma pentru leoaicele sale; isi umplea vizuinile de prada, si culcusurile cu ce rapise. Verset ce nu a fost comentat. 2:13 Iata ca am necaz pe tine, zice Domnul ostirilor; in fum iti voi preface carele de razboi, sabia va mistui pe puii tai de lei, iti voi nimici prada din tara; si nu se va mai auzi glasul solilor tai. Pe tine. Sau ,,Impotriva ta”. Vezi Naum 3,5; Ieremia 51,25; Ezechiel 38,3. Distrugerea Ninivei a venit dupa expirarea timpului de proba ce-i fusese acordat fara sa vina la o pocainta de durata. Rabdarea divina incetase (vezi PK 364). Domnul ostirilor. Vezi comentariul la Ieremia 7,3. Puii tai de lei. Aici este vorba, evident, de razboinicii cetatii (vezi comentariul la v. 11). Solilor. Probabil o referire la aceia care duceau poruncile imparatesti la conducatorii civili si militari (vezi 2Regi 18,17-19; 19,23). COMENTARIILE LUI ELLEN G. WHITE 10 GC 641 10, 11 PK 364 |
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Special note for ANDROID SmartPhones
I recommend to download PhoneMe emulator for Android from here.
Especially I recommend phoneME Advanced - Foundation Profile + MIDP High Resolution b168 rev20547 from here, or from here.
Then you have to build your application, to transfer the .jar and .jad files on your mobile phone and run using this nice emulator.
1. Install a Zip Utility from Android Market.
2. Install a File Manager from Android Market.
3. Download and install PhoneMe, as mentioned above.
4. Build your application by using Download Multilingual Service or Dynamic Download (zip).
5. Copy the zip file into your Android Phone and unzip the content in a folder, and then write down the path to the unzipped files and the name of the .jad file.
6. Launch PhoneMe from your smartphone.
7. Inside PhoneMe, write to the main window the path and the name to the .jad file, above mentioned. Will look something like: file:///mnt/sd/download/BiblePhone.jad and then press enter.
8. The application will be installed, and next a hyperlink will be available below the above mentioned textbox. On this way you can install as many of MIDP application you like on your Android Phone.
How to install the application in Java Mobile enabled phones
It is possible now to have the Holy Scriptures on your mobile phone and to read
it wherever you are due to the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)
technology in 1.0 and 2.0 versions, developed for Java applications.
A good advice is to try in the beginning the MIDP 1.0 / 128 Kbytes version, and
progressively to advance to MIDP 2.0 and larger volumes (512 Kbytes or more).
The application is available for MIDP 2.0, MIDP 1.0. You have only to select one
table on the field MIDP2.0 or MIDP1.0, according to the desired Bible version.
Then, you shall make a click on the JAR (Java Archive) file in order to obtain
the software to be installed on your mobile phone.
I recommend you to start with STARTER(MIDP1.0old) edition, then to continue with
INTERMEDIATE(MIDP1.0), and in the end, if the mobile phone supports this thing,
to try to install the ADVANCED (MIDP2.0) edition. Also, start with 128 kbytes
volumes, continue with 512 kbytes, and at the end try the version in one file.
There are cases where the mobile phone requires so called JAD (Java Descriptor)
files. These JAD files has to be
uploaded, on this case, together with the desired JAR files(s).
There are different methods to download the applications in your mobile phone as
follows:
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
5. If none from the above cases are valid
Next, we shall examine each case in order to have a successfully installation of
the software.
1. Directly from Internet by using a WAP or GPRS connection
If your have Internet access on your mobile phone (e.g. WAP or GPRS), it is
enough to access
https://biblephone.intercer.net/wap/ from the browser of the mobile phone,
and to access the desired Bible version, and then to make an option about
MIDP1.0 or MIDP2.0, and finally to select the desired module (e.g. one or more).
After the last selection, the desired version will be downloaded on your mobile
phone.
Many phones have only this option for installing JAVA appplications.
2. By using the infrared port of the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
If you don't have access to Internet directly from your mobile phone, then you
shall have to pass to this step requiring to have infrared ports on your mobile
phone and on the computer.
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to activate the infrared port on the mobile phone and align it with the infrared
port of the computer (preferable laptop).
c. Then a window will appear asking what file you want to send to the mobile
phone. Next, you will select the downloaded JAR file, and after OK, the mobile
phone will ask you if you want to load that file. You say YES and the
application will be downloaded on your mobile phone.
d. Probably, you will be asked by the mobile phone where you want to save it (e.g.
on the games or applications directories). After you made this selection, the
file will be ready to be loaded for run.
The displaying preference can be set inside the application in order to have
larger fonts, full screen display etc.
3. By wireless Bluetooth access to the mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones.
This situation is similar with the infrared case. You have only to activate
Bluetooth access on your mobile phone (check if exists) and on the computer (check
if exists).
4. By cable link between PC ad mobile phone
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific
mobile phones.
On this case the steps are as follows:
a. On this case, you will download the application by using the computer from
the Internet (i.e. JAR files).
b. Once the application is downloaded (preferable on the desktop) you will have
to set up the wired connection between the mobile phone and the computer. Next,
you will start the synchronization / data transfer application and download the
JAR file in your mobile phone. Surely, you will have to consult the CD of your
mobile phone.
c. By this application you shall transfer into your mobile phone the JAR file in
the games or applications directories. Next, you will have to select for run the
JAR desired file.
5. If none from the above cases are valid
On this unhappy case, I recommend you to find a friend with a laptop having
infrared / Bluetooth capabilities, or to buy a data link cable, or to change
your current model of mobile phone.
Unfortunately, some models of mobile phones require only WAP/GPRS in order to
download and run Java applications.
Sometimes there is a need for a special uploader software for specific mobile
phones. Therefore check the documentation of them and also the page for specific
models.
Why so many versions? Simple, because not all the mobile phones support the
Bible in one file with MIDP 2.0 (the most advanced for the time being).
Multilingual Online Ebooks
It is possible now to have the inspirational ebooks on your browser and to read it allowing you to make comparisons between different translations or versions for a specific language. This occasion is unique, and you have only to browse to the desired author and book.
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